“…Several general routes of ester preparation have been listed amongst which heterogeneous solid acids as catalysts could be used using high temperature (Yadav and Mehta, 1993;Yadav and Nair, 1999). In contrast with solid acids, biocatalysts allow synthesis of esters to be performed at moderate temperatures (Yadav and Borkar, 2006, 2009a,b, 2010Yadav and Devendran, 2012;Yadav and Dhoot, 2009;Yadav and Jadhav, 2005;Yadav and Pawar, 2012). Production drugs and active pharmaceutical intermediates by lipase catalyzed reactions has also been performed under mild conditions (Yadav et al 2007).…”