Lipase-catalyzed synthesis of 4-methoxy cinnamoyl glycerol

Ultrasonic-promoted enzymatic preparation, identification and multi-active studies of nature-identical phenolic acid glycerol derivatives

“…4 Until now, only feruloyl glycerol, caffeate glycerol and 4-methoxy cinnamoyl glycerol have been synthesized in the enzymatic method but other kinds of PAGs with different PAs have rarely been reported. 3,8,9 Among the reported references, the studies only focused on the synthesis technology of PAGs and much less attention on their structural identication and their functional properties. [10][11][12] Apart from antioxidant and anti-UV, PAs have also been reported to have remarkable antibacterial effects against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.…”

Enzymatic synthesis of 4-methoxycinnamoylglycerol Uv filter mediated by immobilized-lipase and nanoparticle formation on N-succinylchitosan

“…The 4-methoxycinnamoylglycerol (4-MCG) is in form of mono-and di-esters when the esterification reaction is carried out in the presence of p-toluenesulfonic acid (p-TSA) (Holser, 2008;Holser et al 2008). An improved conversion yield was reported by enzymatic synthesis using lipase, in addition to the prevalence of the monoester at short reaction times and less harmful side effects compared with the chemical route (Patil et al 2011). It is well-know that lipases act as estearases in non-aqueous reaction media (Bernal et al 2018; Fernandez-Lafuente, 2010), including the esterification of cinnamic acid (Patil et al 2011) and/or glycerol (Yesiloglu & Kilic, 2004) and the obtained products have different industrial applications (Naik et al 2010).…”

“…An improved conversion yield was reported by enzymatic synthesis using lipase, in addition to the prevalence of the monoester at short reaction times and less harmful side effects compared with the chemical route (Patil et al 2011). It is well-know that lipases act as estearases in non-aqueous reaction media (Bernal et al 2018; Fernandez-Lafuente, 2010), including the esterification of cinnamic acid (Patil et al 2011) and/or glycerol (Yesiloglu & Kilic, 2004) and the obtained products have different industrial applications (Naik et al 2010). The lipase activity and selectivity depend on water activity (Lee & Parkin, 2001) and solvent polarity (Kuo & Parkin, 1996) of the reaction media.…”

“…Moreover, their immobilization helps to their implementation at industrial level, allowing the easy recovery from the reaction medium in batch processes and increases the reuse cycles on packed bed continuous bioreactors (Babaki et al 2016). The lipase B from the Candida antarctica yeast, immobilized on acrylic resin is commercially available (Novozym 435) and tested for the synthesis of 4-MCG (Patil et al 2011) and other cinnamates (Lee et al 2006) at temperatures between 40 -60ºC.…”

Continuous, packed-bed, enzymatic bioreactor production and stability of feruloyl soy glycerides

“…Immobilized CALB is a highly thermostable lipase with high non-specific acylglycerol positional selectivity and a high promiscuity towards substrates, ranging from linear, saturated, fatty acids to cyclic, heteroatom, aromatic carboxylic acids (Hayes, 2004;Patil et al, 2011). Immobilzed CALB also demonstrates robust activity in non-aqueous media (Secundo and Carrea, 2002;Sharma and Kanwar, 2014).…”