Linking conifer root growth and production to soil temperature and carbon supply in temperate forests

Wang, Yan; Mao, Zhun; Bakker, Mark R.; Kim, J. H.; Brancheriau, Loïc; Buatois, Bruno; Leclerc, Raphaëlle; Selli, Lavinia; Rey, Hervé; Jourdan, Christophe; Stokes, Alexia

doi:10.1007/s11104-018-3596-7

Cited by 34 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…However, root growth during the dormancy period was low in comparison to that during growing season. It seems evident that roots do not become dormant similarly as shoots, and many trees, such as Norway spruce, can produce some roots using stored carbohydrates during winter at soil temperatures only slightly above zero (Radville et al 2016b, Wang et al 2018. Soil temperature is the most important factor controlling the initiation and cessation of root growth if there is no water deficit or excess.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root and shoot phenology and root longevity of Norway spruce saplings grown at different soil temperatures

et al. 2019

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Tree roots comprise a huge carbon pool. Their dynamics are driven by environmental factors and thereby affected by climate change. We studied the effects of soil temperature on root and shoot phenology and their linkages in Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.). Saplings were grown in controlled-environment rooms for three simulated growing seasons (GS1, GS2, and GS3). Soil-temperature treatments of 9, 13, 18, and 21 °C were applied during GS2. Root growth was monitored with minirhizotrons and commenced in all treatments simultaneously. Temporal growth patterns of short and long roots were usually bimodal. Root growth was very low during the coldest treatment of GS2 but increased during GS3 as an aftereffect. During GS3, growth of short roots continued later after colder treatments than warmer treatments. Reduced sink strength of roots and increased carbohydrate accumulation into needles at 9 °C during GS2 probably enabled compensatory root growth under restored temperatures during GS3. Soil temperature did not affect shoot phenology, and root and shoot phenology varied between growing seasons; thus, the linkage of root and shoot phenology was inconsistent. In warmer soil, root longevity was shorter and turnover rate was higher than in colder soil. This can further affect soil carbon dynamics and ecosystem carbon cycling in boreal forest ecosystems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root and shoot phenology and root longevity of Norway spruce saplings grown at different soil temperatures

et al. 2019

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“…Soil temperature plays an important role in the climate system [1]. Plant growth and crop production are known to largely depend on soil temperature [2,3]. Some previous research has proven that soil temperature is an important factor for crop growth, soil respiration, water-salt migration in soil [4][5][6], the amount and activity of soil microorganisms, greenhouse gas emissions and soil carbon stock.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Biochar Application and Irrigation Methods on Soil Temperature in Farmland

Ding

Gao

et al. 2019

Water

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Soil temperature plays a vital role in determining crop yield. Excessive irrigation may result in low soil temperature and a waste of water resources. In this paper, field experiments were carried out to evaluate the influence of irrigation methods and biochar application on soil temperature. The experiment included six treatments: (a) YB: biochar application in border irrigation with Yellow River water; (b) GB: biochar application in border irrigation with groundwater; (c) DB: biochar application in drip irrigation with groundwater; (d) Y(CK): border irrigation with Yellow River water; (e) G(CK): border irrigation with groundwater; (f) D(CK): drip irrigation with groundwater. The results are as follows: coupling drip irrigation and biochar, soil temperature increased by 1.20–3.87%. In the biochar application in border irrigation with Yellow River water and groundwater, soil temperature increased by 0.80–2.40% and 1.01–5.15%, respectively. Biochar is a medium for reducing the heat exchange of soil and atmosphere, as it hinders bi-directional heat movement. This mechanism was especially apparent at a 0–10 cm soil depth in the treatments of border irrigation using Yellow River water and groundwater. Biochar may help stabilize the fluctuation of soil temperature and improve the soil accumulated temperature. The effect of drip irrigation at 5–10 cm depth, border irrigation using the groundwater and the Yellow River water was great on soil temperatures above the 10 cm level but less on deep soil temperatures. After applying biochar to soil, the soil temperature was more sensitive to external temperature changes, such as air temperature and water temperature. Therefore, in the Hetao irrigation area, applying a proper amount of biochar to farmland soil was shown to improve the water and heat environment and improve the effectiveness of traditional border irrigation in synchronizing water and heat, especially under the drip irrigation condition. The results here suggest that using biochar under drip irrigation can promote growth and increase yield.

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“…This area comprised mixed, naturally regenerated forests which were on south-west-facing slopes. All forests were uneven aged, and tree age varied from 20 to 120 years old (Mao et al, 2015;Wang et al, 2018). Sites comprised three mixed, mature, naturally regenerated forests of Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.…”

Section: Study Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Optimal soil temperatures for conifer root growth vary from 6 to 15 °C [Picea abies (L.) Karst] and from 10 to 20 °C (Abies sp.) (Lopushinsky and Ma, 1990;Lyr, 1996;Alvarez-Uria and Körner, 2007;Nagelmüller et al, 2016), but periods of low or zero activity occur throughout the year (Mao et al, 2013a;Wang et al, 2018). However, few studies have characterized and quantified root active and dormant periods in the field, partially because of the relatively short duration of experimental studies on root growth and the assumption that root dormancy is synchronous with that of shoot dormancy (Eissenstat et al, 2005;Graefe et al, 2008;Abramoff and Finzi, 2015;Radville et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tree root dynamics in montane and sub-alpine mixed forest patches

et al. 2018

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The RER was largely driven by soil temperature and was lower in cold soils. At the treeline, ephemeral fine roots were more numerous, probably in order to compensate for the shorter growing season. Differences in soil climate and root dynamics between gaps and closed forest were marked at 1400 and 1700 m, but not at 2000 m, where canopy cover was more sparse. Therefore, heterogeneous forest structure and situation play a significant role in determining root demography in temperate, montane forests, mostly through impacts on soil temperature.

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Linking conifer root growth and production to soil temperature and carbon supply in temperate forests

Cited by 34 publications

References 63 publications

Root and shoot phenology and root longevity of Norway spruce saplings grown at different soil temperatures

Root and shoot phenology and root longevity of Norway spruce saplings grown at different soil temperatures

Effects of Biochar Application and Irrigation Methods on Soil Temperature in Farmland

Tree root dynamics in montane and sub-alpine mixed forest patches

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