Linkages between Trade, CO2 Emissions and Healthcare Spending in China

Ullah, Irfan; Ali, Sher; Shah, Muhammad Haroon; Yasim, Farrah; Rehman, Alam; Al‐Ghazali, Basheer M.

doi:10.3390/ijerph16214298

Cited by 49 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 48 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…1 The persistent environmental degradation requires an increase in public spending on the environment, which has a positive impact on the different health indicators including life expectancy. 2,3 Therefore, this study assesses the impact of public spending on the environment and environmental quality on life expectancy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does environment quality and public spending on environment promote life expectancy in China? Evidence from a nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag approach

Shah

Wang

Ullah

et al. 2020

Health Planning & Management

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Environmental quality has become a growing concern for Chinese society since the last 2 decades in China. The large contribution of different pollutants severely affected the environmental quality that untimely affects life expectancy in the country. In this backdrop, the present study investigates the impact of environmental quality and public spending on the environment for life expectancy in China using the period 1999Q1-2017Q4. We employ nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL) approach for the empirical assessment. The outcomes of the study reveal the existence of a long-run relationship between environmental quality, public spending on the environment and life expectancy in China. The empirical finding reported that life expectancy reacts differently in response to positive and negative shocks of environmental quality both in the long-and short-run. Environmental quality and spending on the environment increase the life expectancy, furthermore, population has a positive and significant association with life expectancy only in short run while in long run it does not affect. Hence, the government needs to roll out policies to enhance environmental quality and ensure adequate funding for environmental preservation, to achieve both longevity of society and sustainability of the ecosystem .

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does environment quality and public spending on environment promote life expectancy in China? Evidence from a nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag approach

Shah

Wang

Ullah

et al. 2020

Health Planning & Management

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The economic growth is measured as % age of GDP, in support to many previous studies (Chow and Li, 2002;Ward et al, 2016). CO 2 emission has been taken in metric tons per capita, in the spirit of previous literature (Akbar et al, 2020;Hanle et al, 2004;Ullah et al, 2019;Zeeshan et al, 2021).…”

Section: Data Source and Sampling Methodsmentioning

confidence: 54%

Exploring Asymmetric Nexus Between Tourism, Economic Growth and Co2 Emissions in the Context of Pakistan

Rehman¹,

Ishaque²,

Malik³

et al. 2021

IJEEP

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study aims to examine the nexus between tourism, economic growth, and CO 2 emissions in Pakistan. We examined the asymmetric relationship between tourism, economic growth, and CO 2 emissions for the period 1991 to 2019. We applied NARDL technique, and Granger Causality to predict results. Moreover, we also employed ADF, PP unit root test, Zivot and Andrews test for structural breaks. The nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag is the most appropriate econometric estimator in the case if asymmetric association exists among the variables. The NARDL technique is capable to discover the dynamic association between economic growth, tourism, and CO 2 emissions. Our results confirmed the asymmetric nexus between tourism, GDP and CO 2 emissions in the context of Pakistan. The results reported that in the short run as well as long run positive and negative shocks of tourism and GDP affect CO 2 emissions. The outcomes also revealed unidirectional causality between tourism and CO 2 emission, while bi-directional causality between economic growth and CO 2 emissions. Likewise, a bi-directional causality has also been reported between tourism and economic growth. The results are very useful for the macro level policy makers in Pakistan, and hopefully will provide significant insight to the relevant stakeholders.

show abstract

“…First, we use average public sector health spending as a share of GDP of geographic region of country c as our instrument along with geographic neighbour. Next, we use CO2 emissions per capita (log) as an alternative instrument, as studies show that CO2 emissions significantly increase healthcare expenditure (Gündüz 2020;Ullah et al 2019). Our results remain robust to using these alternative instruments.…”

Section: Robustness Checksmentioning

confidence: 76%

Do bigger health budgets cushion pandemics? An empirical test of COVID-19 deaths across the world

Cooray¹,

Vadlamannati²,

Soysa³

2020

WIDER Working Paper

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

How has government healthcare spending prepared countries for tackling the COVID-19 pandemic? Arguably, spending is the primary policy tool of governments in providing effective health. We argue that the effectiveness of spending in reducing COVID deaths is conditional on the existence of healthcare equity and lower political corruption, because the health sector is particularly susceptible to political spending. Our results, obtained using ordinary least squares (OLS) and two-stage least squares (2SLS) estimation, suggest that higher spending targeted at reducing inequitable access to health has reduced COVID deaths. Consistent with the findings of others, our results indirectly suggest that health spending is necessary, but not sufficient unless accompanied by building resilience against the spread of deadly disease. Equitable health systems ease the effects of COVID presumably because they allow states to reach and treat people. Spending aimed at increasing health system capacity by increasing access thus seems a sound strategy for fighting the spread of disease, ultimately benefiting us all.

show abstract

Linkages between Trade, CO2 Emissions and Healthcare Spending in China

Cited by 49 publications

References 48 publications

Does environment quality and public spending on environment promote life expectancy in China? Evidence from a nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag approach

Does environment quality and public spending on environment promote life expectancy in China? Evidence from a nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag approach

Exploring Asymmetric Nexus Between Tourism, Economic Growth and Co2 Emissions in the Context of Pakistan

Do bigger health budgets cushion pandemics? An empirical test of COVID-19 deaths across the world

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About