Linkages between Energy Delivery and Economic Growth from the Point of View of Sustainable Development and Seaports

Abstract

This paper presents the synchronisation of economic cycles of GDP and crude oil and oil products cargo volumes in major Polish seaports. On the one hand, this issue fits into the concept of sustainable development including decoupling; on the other hand, the synchronisation may be an early warning tool. Crude oil and oil products cargo volumes are a specific barometer that predicts the next economic cycle, especially as they are primary sources of energy production. The research study applies a number of TRAMO/SEATS methods, the Hodrick–Prescott filter, spectral analysis, correlation and cross-correlation function. Noteworthy is the modern approach of using synchronisation of economic cycles as a tool, which was described in the paper. According to the study results, the cyclical components of the cargo traffic and GDP were affected by the leakage of other short-term cycles. However, based on the cross-correlation, it was proved that changes in crude oil and oil products cargo volumes preceded changes in GDP by 1–3 quarters, which may be valuable information for decision-makers and economic development planners.

Environmental Management from the Point of View of the Energy Intensity of Road Freight Transport and Shocks

“…One of the goals of these activities was to stimulate the economy, including transport activity, and to use the potential of other sectors of the economy (e.g., construction, industry, processing). On the other hand, the need to minimize the impact of economic growth on the environment was emphasized (in line with the shift paradigm, i.e., in transport [ 17 , 74 , 75 ]). One of the most important challenges was rationalizing the energy intensity of the economy, especially transport.…”

Qualitative–Quantitative Warning Modeling of Energy Consumption Processes in Inland Waterway Freight Transport on River Sections for Environmental Management

“…Energy intensity is one of the measures of sustainable development, and three dimensions are intertwined within it: economic (management of scarce resources in the context), environmental (information about the exploitation of the environment; pollution is a side effect), and social (the scale of its exploitation determines the possibility of meeting the needs of future generations) [51]. Energy consumption processes are important for environmental and economic management from a macroeconomic point of view [10,52]. Environmental management means actions aimed at improvement and also includes reducing costs and risks, striving for sustainable development, and, at the same time, ensuring compliance with the guidelines for development [53].…”

“…There is also a strong link between economic development and the continual increase in energy consumption on a global scale [6][7][8]. A similar relationship was noticed in transport, and therefore, attention has been paid to the need to promote one of the paradigms of sustainable development, i.e., decoupling [9,10]. The achievement of the goals outlined in the white paper 'Roadmap to a Single European Transport Area-Towards a competitive and resource efficient transport system' by 2050 is synonymous with cutting off the oil dependency of the transport system without compromising mobility and efficiency [2,11,12].…”

Renewable Energy Decision Criteria on Green Consumer Values Comparing Poland and India Aligned with Environment Policy for Sustainable Development

“…Fossil fuels are non-reversible and produce a higher level of pollution. Not only this, but the fossil fuels are nonrenewable and once they are gone, it will be difficult for the world to fulfill their energy requirements [6]. There is an urgent call for alternative solutions, where RESs are good substitutes and a sustainable step towards the energy sector.…”

“…Environment is the buzz word of the era [2,26], but consumer's green values can bridge the gap following environmental policy, which may be possible with question 4: Is there alignment of green consumer values with environmental policy? Countries may be in a better shape or growing by measuring agencies [6,27], but the real assessment is required by answering question 5: Do Poland and India commit to following the path of sustainable development? Justification of the study is possible with answering these specific research questions regarding the problem stated.…”