Linkage Between Poverty, Inequality, and Income Distribution: A Case on Bannu District, Pakistan

Gul, Akhtar; Zahra, Fatima; Iqbal, Atia; Ghafoor, Tanbila; Hussain, Musaddiq

doi:10.18488/journal.107.2020.84.330.339

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Complex survey analysis was used to correct the sampling design. Table 1 describes the outcomes of the descriptive statistics the basic feature of data (Ashraf et al, 2023;Gul, et al, 2020) and this study shows the different regions of Asia. In South Asia, the total number of respondents is 2,863.…”

Section: Methodology and Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Reported Health and Happiness Among Sub-Regions of Asia: The World Value Survey 2017-2021

Javed,

Mustafa,

Sadiq

et al. 2024

J. Asian Dev. Studies

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This paper compared the differences in self-assessed health and happiness among five Sub-regions of Asia, namely, South Asia, Central Asia, West Asia, Eastern Asia, and South East Asia. The ng data was collected from the World Value Survey between 2017 and 2021 (Wave-Seven). A total of 3,278 participants from five sub-regions were surveyed. Self-Rated Health (SRH) and happiness were measured using a self-reported questionnaire. The results showed that the SRH and happiness levels were significantly high, with 81.09% expressing satisfaction. Gender-wise, females display reduced odds of happiness compared to males (OR=0.73, [SE/Z] =-0.07/-3.15), indicating a gender-based disparity. Higher education, financial satisfaction, and income levels are significantly associated with improved health perceptions. Higher satisfaction with the financial situation and income scales also demonstrates significant associations with happiness. As individuals age, there is a substantial increase in the odds of reporting good health, with the highest odds observed in the 65+ age group.

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Section: Methodology and Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Reported Health and Happiness Among Sub-Regions of Asia: The World Value Survey 2017-2021

Javed,

Mustafa,

Sadiq

et al. 2024

J. Asian Dev. Studies

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“…Inequality can be produced at multiple levels-cultural, institutional, organizational, and personal (Kusow and Eno 2015). At any level in which inequality functions, resources are being distributed in an increasingly unequal fashion (Gul et al 2020). These resources include varieties of social capital, though unequal learning opportunities are often at the top of these inequalities (Schmidt et al 2015).…”

Section: Unpacking the Complex Refugee Contexts Inequality Between Refugees And Host Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The scarce recourses these developing countries have to offer can create competition for resourcesi.e., water and food-between the refugees and the host communities (Martin 2005). In the recent years, the resource competition between refugees and their host counterparts has seen an increase at many levels of society (Gul et al 2020). In this context, social assets such as education are seen to play a role in the contention for resources (Wei et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Educational inequality in the Kebribeyah Somali refugee camp in Ethiopia: an autoethnography

Muhumed

Ahmed

2022

Int J Humanitarian Action

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Due to the Somali Civil War of 1991, more than 10,000 Somali refugees resettled in Kebribeyah, a town in the Somali region of Ethiopia. For nearly three decades, the local and resettled refugee communities shared the resources the region had to offer, adopted a new common cultural norm, and fostered some levels of social cohesions. It is the education sector, however, that caused social conflicts and hatred between resettled Somalis and the native Somali-Ethiopians. Currently, the education of Somali refugee children is funded by various international organizations, such as the United Nations. On the contrary, the local Somali-Ethiopian children pay their way to schools which leads to poor educational experiences. Using autoethnography as the research method, this article examines the formation of educational gaps between the local and refugee children. Findings suggest that educational inequality can exist between refugee and host communities, if not properly managed, and can ultimately impact social cohesion and stability in the refugee-hosting regions.

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“…There is no proper definition of poverty until it exists 12 . (Gul et al, 2020) Encyclopedia Encarta defines the term "poverty, " as "a condition of having inadequate means or income". In UNDP's Report [1998], "Poverty is a multifaceted and multifarious spectacle that commonly suggests the insufficiency of resources and lack of choices, which would facilitate people of a society or individual to take pleasure in polite living conditions 13 ."…”

Section: Introduction 11 Historical Background Of Poverty and Faminesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is hunger (Dhahri and Omri 2020; Ahmed et al, 2015); it is a lack of shelter (Ruprah 2010; Culhane and Metraux, 1999); it is a lack of liberty (Cole, 2006). [7] as well as a lack of skills 15 (Barham et al, 2020;Ayoub et al, 2009;Gul et al, 2020), capabilities (Yang and Guo, 2020). limited approval of economic and social infrastructure 16 , The poor frequently have insufficient access to resources and fewer opportunities for earning a living.…”

Section: Introduction 11 Historical Background Of Poverty and Faminesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Africa’s Poverty and Famines: Developmental Projects of China on Africa

Gul

Shabeer

Abbasi

et al. 2022

PJH

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Poverty exists without any face; it is a multifaceted and complex phenomenon. Poverty and famines existed before human civilization and culture. Human culture existed 0.07 million years ago, and civilization began 6000 years ago. In a modern civilized society, ‘first famine in human history occurred in 1708 B.C. From 1708 BC to 1878 AD, 350 famines occurred in various spheres of the world. The Encyclopedia Britannica listed 31 main famines from prehistoric to the 1960s. The sub-continent has also faced eleven severe famines from 1769-70 to 1943, and about 40.9 million people have died due to these famines. Similarly, more than 2 billion people live below the poverty line. Besides, China left 800 million people due to ‘Open Door Policy’. Now she is changing the world's shape through BRI. Africa is a complex and perplexing region of the world. Because, Africa is facing all the root problems of the world, i.e., poverty, massive unemployment and income inequality, mono-culture political economy, border disputes, intra-state wars, and ethnic and lingual clashes. In the land of Africa, the first famine was recorded 2273 years ago in Ethiopia’. About 2,582 languages[i] and 1,382 dialects are found on the African continent. From 1945 to 1999, humanity faced 25 interstate wars, most of which occurred in Africa. Therefore, 127 civil wars happened among 73 states in the same era, and 16.2 million people died. The Export and Import Bank of China will spend 1US$ trillion on the African continent in 2025. [i] Language which is speaking in Africa, Arabic (170 million) English (130 million), Swahili (100), French (115), Berber (50), Hausa (50), Portuguese (20) and Spanish (10) (Spolsky, 2018)

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Linkage Between Poverty, Inequality, and Income Distribution: A Case on Bannu District, Pakistan

Cited by 5 publications

References 26 publications

Self-Reported Health and Happiness Among Sub-Regions of Asia: The World Value Survey 2017-2021

Self-Reported Health and Happiness Among Sub-Regions of Asia: The World Value Survey 2017-2021

Educational inequality in the Kebribeyah Somali refugee camp in Ethiopia: an autoethnography

Africa’s Poverty and Famines: Developmental Projects of China on Africa

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