Linguistic and socioemotional influences on the accuracy of children's reports.

Carter, Cathleen A.; Bottoms, Bette L.; Levine, Murray

doi:10.1007/bf01499027

Cited by 219 publications

(209 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Moreover, it has been found that children are less accurate when questioned with complex linguistic questions (Carter, Bottoms, & Levine, 1996;Perry, McAuliff, Tam, & Claycomb, 1995). Nonetheless, further studies are needed to better understand these findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of the NICHD Protocol to Enhance the Quantity of Details Obtained from Children with Low Verbal Abilities in Investigative Interviews: A Pilot Study

Dion

Cyr

2008

Journal of Child Sexual Abuse

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This study explored the impact of the NICHD protocol to enhance the quantity and content of details reported by children with low verbal abilities. Thirty-four children aged from 6 to 14 were interviewed following their experience of sexual abuse. Half the interviews were conducted using the NICHD protocol. Results indicate that NICHD interviews contained more open-ended prompts and more details overall. Open-ended invitations yielded significantly more detailed responses than did close-ended questions for both children with low and average verbal abilities.Although children with low verbal abilities provided fewer details than children with average verbal abilities, the NICHD protocol helped them provide detailed responses containing the core elements of the sexual abuse. Conducting investigative interviews with child victims of sexual abuse is a complex task for an interviewer, yet is even more challenging with children with intellectual difficulties. For example, results of analog studies (Henry & Gudjonsson, 1999) and a field study (Dion, Cyr, Richard, & McDuff, 2006) indicate that children with intellectual disabilities are likely to provide fewer details when asked to recall an event. Above all cognitive abilities, verbal skills appear to be the most related to children's recall performance (Brown & Pipe, 2003;Chae & Ceci, 2005;Dion et al.). These results are of particular importance considering that children with mental retardation or speech and language difficulties are respectively 4 and almost 3 times more likely to be sexually abused than children without disabilities (Sullivan & Knutson, 2000).It is therefore necessary to evaluate interview techniques that might be useful in helping these children talk about their abuse. The objective of the present study is to explore the impact of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) protocol to enhance details given by children with low verbal abilities (LVA) and to document any differences in response to distinct types of questions. Intelligence and Verbal AbilitiesMany researchers have explored intelligence in relation to children's abilities to recount an event in various settings, such as a staged event (e.g., Brown & Pipe, 2003;Chae & Ceci, 2005), a video (Henry & Gudjonsson, 2004), or sexual abuse (Dion et al., 2006). When looking at general intelligence, results of studies indicate that the amount of information produced by children with mental retardation during open-ended recall is often lower than that produced by children of the same age with typical intellectual development (Henry & Gudjonsson, 2003Michel, Gordon, Ornstein, & Simpson, 2000).However, inconsistent results are found when using different measures of intelligence (e.g., receptive language, expressive language, visual-motor coordination) to explore the relationship between more specific cognitive abilities (e.g., verbal and nonverbal abilities) and recall. Four explanations are possible for these conflicting results, including: (a) verbal intelligence ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of the NICHD Protocol to Enhance the Quantity of Details Obtained from Children with Low Verbal Abilities in Investigative Interviews: A Pilot Study

Dion

Cyr

2008

Journal of Child Sexual Abuse

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“…A considerable amount of research has examined the effects of rapport-building on child witness recall within an investigative interview (e.g., Almerigogna, Ost, Bull & Akehurst, 2007;Carter, Bottoms & Levine, 1996;Davis & Bottoms, 2002;Hershkowitz, 2011). This research generally supports the notion that a comfortable environment increases child witness recall accuracy and reduces susceptibility to misinformation.…”

Section: Effects Of Rapport-building On Eyewitness Recallmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Child witness research supports the notion that social support (analogous to rapport-building) can enhance children's resistance to suggestion (Carter et al, 1996;Goodman, Bottoms, Rudy & Schwartz-Kenney, 1991). Specifically, Goodman and colleagues (1991) demonstrated that when children were asked misleading questions, those with a socially supportive interviewer were better able to resist the interviewer's misleading suggestions than those interviewed by a socially unsupportive interviewer.…”

Section: Rapport-building and Suggestibilitymentioning

confidence: 96%

Understanding rapport-building in investigative interviews: Does rapport's effect on witness memory and suggestibility depend on the interviewer?

Kieckhaefer¹

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“…Les chercheurs ont d'abord mesuré des dimensions non verbales du soutien comme une posture ouverte, un sourire, etc., et du non-soutien comme une position fermée du corps, un visage peu expressif, etc. Les résultats de ces études indiquent que le soutien de l'intervieweur a un effet positif, tant sur la quantité que sur l'exactitude des détails donnés par l'enfant (Carter, Bottoms et Levine, 1996 ;Goodman, Bottoms, Schartz-Kenny et Rudy, 1991). En effet, Davis et Bottoms (2002) ont montré que le soutien offert durant des entrevues simulées aide les enfants à résister aux questions suggestives de la part de l'intervieweur sur des évènements passés, augmentant ainsi la qualité du témoignage des enfants.…”

Section: Le Soutien De L'intervieweurunclassified

“…Dans l'étude portant sur le protocole révisé, Hershkowitz et ses collaborateurs (2013) rapportent que les enfants qui reçoivent plus de soutien dans la phase prédéclara-tive de l'entrevue sont aussi ceux qui démontrent moins de résistance dans la phase déclarative. Ces résultats soutiennent donc ceux des autres recherches qui indiquent que les enfants résistants devraient recevoir plus de soutien de la part de l'intervieweur (Carter et al, 1996 ;Goodman et al, 1991 ;Hershkowitz et al, 2006 ;Hershkowitz, Orbach et al, 2007 ;Imhoff et Baker-Ward, 1999).…”

Section: La Résistanceunclassified

Soutien des intervieweurs et collaboration des enfants lors des entrevues d’enquête1

Lewy

Cyr

Dion

2017

crimino

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Plusieurs facteurs sont susceptibles d’influencer la dynamique des entrevues d’enquête menées auprès d’enfants que l’on soupçonne victimes d’agression sexuelle (AS). Cette étude vise à examiner l’effet du soutien de l’intervieweur, des caractéristiques de l’enfant et de l’AS alléguée sur la collaboration offerte par l’enfant. Ainsi, 90 entrevues conduites par des policiers auprès d’enfants âgés de 4 à 13 ans ont été transcrites et analysées à l’aide de grilles mesurant le soutien et le non-soutien offerts verbalement par les intervieweurs et les comportements de collaboration et de résistance exprimés par les enfants. Des analyses de variance multivariées indiquent que les intervieweurs se comportent de façon similaire, peu importe l’âge de l’enfant, et que les jeunes enfants collaborent significativement moins que les préadolescents. Les résultats des régressions multiples hiérarchiques indiquent que le soutien offert par l’intervieweur est un facteur important associé tant à la collaboration qu’à la résistance de l’enfant. Le soutien des intervieweurs est un facteur plus important que les caractéristiques des enfants ou de leurs agressions pour expliquer la résistance des enfants. La discussion aborde l’importance du soutien pour aider les enfants à collaborer lorsqu’ils dévoilent leur AS.Several factors may influence the dynamics of investigative interviews conducted with children who are suspected victims of sexual abuse. This study examines the effect of the characteristics of the child, the nature of the sexual abuse, and support by the interviewer on children’s collaboration. A total of 90 interviews conducted by police officers with children aged between four and 13 years old were transcribed and analyzed using grids to measure the support and non-support offered by interviewers and the cooperation or reluctance expressed by the children. Results from MANOVA indicate that interviewers behave similarly regardless of the age of the child and that young children cooperate significantly less than pre-teens. Hierarchical multiple regressions indicated that the support offered by the interviewer is the most important factor associated with both cooperation and resistance on the part of the child. The level of interviewer support is an even better predictor of children’s resistance than the characteristics of the children or of the sexual abuse. The discussion underlines the importance of interviewer support in helping children collaborate when they are discussing sexual abuse.Diversos factores pueden influenciar la dinámica de las entrevistas de investigación llevadas a cabo con niños que pueden haber sido víctimas de agresión sexual (AS). El presente estudio examinara el efecto de apoyo del entrevistador, las características del niño y de la AS alegada, sobre la colaboración ofrecida por el niño. En total, 90 entrevistas a niños de entre 4 y 13 años, realizadas por policías, han sido transcriptas y analizadas con la ayuda de un modelo de análisis que mide el apoyo o el no-apoyo ofrecido verbalmente por los ent...

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Linguistic and socioemotional influences on the accuracy of children's reports.

Cited by 219 publications

References 34 publications

The Use of the NICHD Protocol to Enhance the Quantity of Details Obtained from Children with Low Verbal Abilities in Investigative Interviews: A Pilot Study

The Use of the NICHD Protocol to Enhance the Quantity of Details Obtained from Children with Low Verbal Abilities in Investigative Interviews: A Pilot Study

Understanding rapport-building in investigative interviews: Does rapport's effect on witness memory and suggestibility depend on the interviewer?

Soutien des intervieweurs et collaboration des enfants lors des entrevues d’enquête1

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