Linguistic and Nonlinguistic Priming in Aphasia

Bates, Elizabeth; Marangolo, Paola; Pizzamiglio, Luigi; Dick, Frederic

doi:10.1006/brln.2000.2391

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The grammaticality judgment results are compatible with reports by other investigators for Italian (Badecker et al, 1995;Bates et al, 2000;Devescovi et al, 1997). The performance deficits observed in all these studies are probabilistic in nature, and seem to reflect disruptions in the process by which this gender knowledge is accessed and deployed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…These results would indicate that gender knowledge is preserved in aphasia (including both fluent and nonfluent patients in the study by Devescovi et al). However, a recent study of Italian patients using the gender-monitoring task failed to uncover evidence for gender priming, even though the same patients (both fluent and nonfluent) were able to classify nouns as masculine or feminine, and detect violations of adjective-noun agreement at above-chance levels (Bates, Marangolo, Pizzamiglio et al, 2000). Hence the real-time effects of gender may be fragile in aphasic patients, a result similar to findings in the literature on semantic priming in aphasia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…The gender-monitoring task yields much slower reaction times, requires a metalinguistic judgment, and (in research on normals) it tends to yield significant inhibition but no facilitation relative to a neutral baseline. By contrast, cued shadowing yields faster reaction times, requires no metalinguistic judgment, and (in the Bates et al, 2000, study of Italian normals, and in the Akhutina et al, 1999, studies of Russian normals) it results in significant facilitation relative to neutral baseline. Hence the kind of gender priming that we have observed in Russian may be due to automatic processes, while the gender priming that Bates et al failed to find in Italian may be due to a more strategic, postlexical effect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Second, we used the cued shadowing task in this experiment, in contrast with the gender-monitoring task employed by Bates et al (2000). The gender-monitoring task yields much slower reaction times, requires a metalinguistic judgment, and (in research on normals) it tends to yield significant inhibition but no facilitation relative to a neutral baseline.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Processing of Grammatical Gender in Normal and Aphasic Speakers of Russian

Akhutina

Kurgansky

Kurganskaya

et al. 2001

Cortex

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sensitivity to grammatical gender was investigated in 22 Russian-speaking aphasic patients, compared with young controls. Experiment 1 used a cued shadowing paradigm to assess gender priming (facilitation and/or inhibition of lexical access by a prenominal modifier with congruent, incongruent or neutral gender). Experiment 2 used a grammaticality judgment paradigm with similar stimuli. Normals showed significant interactions between gender and priming in Experiment 1 (facilitation for feminine and neuter nouns but not for masculines) and Experiment 2 (larger effects of context on feminine and neuter nouns) that we interpret as a Markedness Effect. Patients showed significant priming in Experiment 1 and above-chance accuracy in Experiment 2, but failed to show reduced effects for the least-marked masculine gender (the Markedness Effect) in either experiment. Context effects were not related to specific aphasic symptoms or subtypes in either experiment. However, canonical correlation revealed differential effects of specific aphasic symptoms on judgment accuracy (false alarms vs. misses). We conclude that knowledge of grammatical gender is spared in Russian aphasics, but gender processing is deviant. A possible model to account for these differences is discussed.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Processing of Grammatical Gender in Normal and Aphasic Speakers of Russian

Akhutina

Kurgansky

Kurganskaya

et al. 2001

Cortex

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, irregular endings are not associated with any particular biological gender. Previous studies have found that grammatical gender of nouns is learned easily by children (Devescovi et al, 1998;MacWhinney et al, 1989;Pizzuto and Caselli, 1992), can be detected by adults (Bates et al, 1995;Brooks et al, 1993;Cole and Segui, 1994a;Radeau et al, 1989) and can be primed by gender marked adjectives (Akhutina et al, 1999;Bates et al, 1996;Bates et al, 2001;Cole and Segui, 1994b;Deutsch et al, 1999;Friederici and Jacobsen, 1999;Gurjanov, 1985;Hagoort and Brown, 1999;Jescheniak and Schriefers, 1999). Furthermore, gender decisions are slower for irregularly marked nouns than for regularly marked nouns (Bates et al, 1995).…”

Section: On Grammatical Gendermentioning

confidence: 97%

Age of acquisition modulates neural activity for both regular and irregular syntactic functions

2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Studies have found that neural activity is greater for irregular grammatical items than regular items. Findings with monolingual Spanish speakers have revealed a similar effect when making gender decisions for visually presented nouns. The current study extended previous studies by looking at the role of regularity in modulating differences in groups that differ in the age of acquisition of a language. Early and late learners of Spanish matched on measures of language proficiency were asked to make gender decisions to regular (-o for masculine and -a for feminine) and irregular items (which can end in e,l,n,r,s,t and z). Results revealed increased activity in left BA 44 for irregular compared to regular items in separate comparisons for both early and late learners. In addition, within group-comparisons revealed that neural activity for irregulars extended into left BA 47 for late learners and into left BA 6 for early learners. Direct comparisons between-groups revealed increased activity in left BA 44/45 for irregular items indicating the need for more extensive syntactic processing in late learners. The results revealed that processing of irregular grammatical gender leads to increased activity in left BA 44 and adjacent areas in the left IFG regardless of when a language is learned. Furthermore, these findings suggest differential recruitment of brain areas associated with grammatical processing in late learners. The results are discussed with regard to a model which considers L2 learning as emerging from the competitive interplay between two languages.

show abstract

Syntactic gender processing in the human brain: A review and a model

Heim

2008

Brain and Language

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Linguistic and Nonlinguistic Priming in Aphasia

Cited by 17 publications

References 14 publications

Processing of Grammatical Gender in Normal and Aphasic Speakers of Russian

Processing of Grammatical Gender in Normal and Aphasic Speakers of Russian

Age of acquisition modulates neural activity for both regular and irregular syntactic functions

Syntactic gender processing in the human brain: A review and a model

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About