Lineshape-asymmetry elimination in weak atomic transitions driven by an intense standing wave field

Antypas, Dionysios; Fabricant, Anne; Budker, Dmitry

doi:10.1364/ol.43.002241

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Only terms linear in ζ are retained in (6). The ratio of the 1 st -to 2 nd -harmonic amplitudes in the transition rate is: [29,30], and it can be suppressed if needed, using methods reported in [31].…”

Section: C) Bounds On Light Z´-mediated Pv Electron-neutronmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isotopic variation of parity violation in atomic ytterbium

et al. 2018

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The weak force is the only fundamental interaction known to violate the symmetry with respect to spatial inversion (parity). This parity violation (PV) can be used to isolate the effects of the weak interaction in atomic systems, providing a unique, low-energy test of the Standard Model [see for example reviews 1, 2, 3]. These experiments are primarily sensitive to the weak force between the valence electrons and the nucleus, mediated by the neutral Z 0 boson and dependent on the weak charge of the nucleus, Q w . The Standard Model (SM) parameter Q w was most precisely determined in cesium (Cs) [4, 5] and has provided a stringent test of the SM at low energy. The SM also predicts a variation of Q w with the number of neutrons in the nucleus, an effect whose direct observation we are reporting here for the first time. Our studies, made on a chain of ytterbium (Yb) isotopes, provide a measurement of isotopic variation in atomic PV, confirm the predicted SM Q w scaling and offer information about an additional Z´ boson.The large PV observable in Yb was first predicted by DeMille [6], a prediction further supported by subsequent calculations [7,8,9] and confirmed by experiment [10,11]. The PV effect in Yb is approximately 100 times larger than that in Cs. Moreover, Yb has a chain of stable isotopes, allowing for an isotopic comparison of the effect [12]. Such a comparison has the potential to be a probe of neutron distributions in the Yb nuclei [13] and is sensitive to physics beyond the SM [14,15]. A related measurement, in which the PV effects are compared for different hyperfine components of isotopes with non-zero nuclear spin, is expected to improve the understanding of the weak interaction within the nucleus [3,16,17,18].The principle of our measurements is similar to that of the 1 st -generation experiment [10,11]. We optically excite Yb atoms in a beam, on the 6s 2 1 S 0 → 5d6s 3 D 1 transition ( fig. 1), in a region in which in addition to the applied optical field, static electric and static magnetic fields are applied to the atoms [19].The directions of the magnetic and static electric field and that of the optical-field polarization define the handedness for the experimental coordinate system. As the 1 S 0 and 3 D 1 states are of nominally same parity, an electric-dipole (E1) transition between them is forbidden by selection rules. In the presence of the weak interaction, however, mixing of the 1 P 1 state into 3 D 1 results in a E1 PV amplitude for the transition. The applied dc (or quasi-static) electric field results in additional mixing of these states, allowing for a larger and controlled Stark-induced E1 amplitude [20]. The Stark-induced and PV amplitudes will interfere with appropriate choice of field geometry. Field reversals flip the handedness of the field geometry, leading to a sign reversal of the Stark-PV interference term and a change in the transition rate. This change provides an experimental observable.We measured the PV effect in four nuclear-spin-zero isotopes ( 170 Yb, 172 Yb, 174 Yb a...

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Section: C) Bounds On Light Z´-mediated Pv Electron-neutronmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isotopic variation of parity violation in atomic ytterbium

et al. 2018

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“…In order to suppress the spatial dependence of the probe Stark shift along z, we apply an extra frequency component on the amplitude modulator at Ω comp = 7ω FSR /4 to generate second-order sidebands on the light at frequencies ω c ± 7ω FSR /2 [27,28]. The modulation amplitude at Ω comp is tuned to inject seven times as much power into the pair of cavity modes (n − 3, n + 4) as is injected into modes (n, n + 1): this power ratio is chosen so that the standing-wave Stark shift from (n − 3, n + 4) is the same size as the Stark shift from (n, n + 1), but has the opposite sign in the region near the center of the cavity z L/4.…”

Section: Loss Fractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cavity-enhanced non-destructive detection of atoms for an optical lattice clock

Hobson¹,

Bowden²,

Vianello³

et al. 2019

Opt. Express

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We demonstrate a new method of cavity-enhanced non-destructive detection of atoms for a strontium optical lattice clock. The detection scheme is shown to be linear in atom number up to at least 2 × 10 4 atoms, to reject technical noise sources, to achieve signal to noise ratio close to the photon shot noise limit, to provide spatially uniform atom-cavity coupling, and to minimize inhomogeneous ac Stark shifts. These features enable detection of atoms with minimal perturbation to the atomic state, a critical step towards realizing an ultra-high-stability, quantum-enhanced optical lattice clock.

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“…With active stabilization of carriersideband power ratio, the ratio is kept to unity to within 0.1%, and the residual mismatch is recorded and included in the analysis. However, parasitic interferences, such as for example between the fundamental transverse cavity mode and high-order modes, can, in principle, result in different intracavity intensity experienced by the two isotopes [29]. To eliminate potential shifts, data are taken at many powers and extrapolation to zero power is done to extract the IS.…”

Section: Mat]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Precision determination of isotope shifts in ytterbium and implications for new physics

Figueroa,

Berengut,

Dzuba

et al. 2021

Preprint

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We report measurements of isotope shifts for the five spinless Yb isotopes on the 6s 2 1 S0 → 5d6s 1 D2 transition using Doppler-free two-photon spectroscopy. We combine these data with existing measurements on two transitions in Yb + [Phys. Rev. Lett. 125, 123002 (2020)], where deviation from King-plot linearity showed hints of a new bosonic force carrier at the 3σ level. The combined data strongly reduces the significance of the new-physics signal. We show that the observed nonlinearity in the joint Yb/Yb + King-plot analysis can be accounted for by the deformation of the Yb nuclei.

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Lineshape-asymmetry elimination in weak atomic transitions driven by an intense standing wave field

Cited by 7 publications

References 15 publications

Isotopic variation of parity violation in atomic ytterbium

Isotopic variation of parity violation in atomic ytterbium

Cavity-enhanced non-destructive detection of atoms for an optical lattice clock

Precision determination of isotope shifts in ytterbium and implications for new physics

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