Cavity-enhanced non-destructive detection of atoms for an optical lattice clock

Hobson, Richard; Bowden, William; Vianello, Alvise; Hill, Ian R.; Gill, P.

doi:10.1364/oe.27.037099

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Related approaches to the non-destructive detection of the atom number using a high-finesse cavity have been investigated in Ref. [42,117].…”

Section: Atomic State Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collective Spin-Light and Light-Mediated Spin-Spin Interactions in an Optical Cavity

Li,

Braverman,

Colombo

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The interaction between an atomic ensemble and a light mode in a high-finesse optical cavity can easily reach the strong-coupling regime, where quantum effects dominate. In this regime, the interaction can be used to generate both atom-light and atom-atom entanglement. We analyze the dominant effects on the collective atomic state and the light field, and derive a unified approach that can account for atomic entanglement induced both by measurements on the light field, and by ignoring the state of the light field altogether. We present analytical expressions for the entanglement induced by the interaction, and determine the conditions that maximize the entanglement-induced gain over the standard quantum limit in quantum sensors and atomic clocks.

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“…Related approaches to the non-destructive detection of the atom number using a high-finesse cavity have been investigated in Ref. [42,117].…”

Section: Atomic State Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collective Spin-Light and Light-Mediated Spin-Spin Interactions in an Optical Cavity

Li,

Braverman,

Colombo

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Furthermore the atoms are not significantly heated by this measurement and can therefore be reused, thus, the dead time between measurements can be significantly reduced. Another advantage in comparison with other non-demolition measurements for atomic clocks [7,26,27] is that the signal, i.e. the number of photons, scales linearly with the number of atoms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cavity Sub- and Superradiance Enhanced Ramsey Spectroscopy

Hotter¹,

Ostermann²,

Ritsch³

2022

Preprint

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Ramsey spectroscopy in large, dense ensembles of ultra-cold atoms trapped in optical lattices suffers from dipole-dipole interaction induced shifts and collective superradiance limiting its precision and accuracy. We propose a novel geometry implementing fast signal readout with minimal heating for large atom numbers at lower densities via an optical cavity operated in the weak single atom but strong collective coupling regime. The key idea is controlled collective transverse π/2-excitation of the atoms to prepare a macroscopic collective spin protected from cavity superradiance. This requires that the two halves of the atomic ensemble are coupled to the cavity mode with opposite phase, which is naturally realized for a homogeneously filled volume covering odd and even sites of the cavity mode along the cavity axis. The origin of the superior precision can be traced back to destructive interference among sub-ensembles in the complex nonlinear collective atom field dynamics.In the same configuration we find surprising regular self-pulsing of the cavity output for suitable continuous illumination. Our simulations for large atom numbers employing a cumulant expansion are qualitatively confirmed by a full quantum treatment of smaller ensembles.

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“…Yet it is possible to arrange a differential measurement scheme, where the phase shift for the probe mode is large while for another reference mode it is negligible, allowing the common-mode cavity noise to be canceled. Cavity noise cancellation in a Fabry-Pérot cavity has been demonstrated by simultaneously probing two adjacent [26] or far-detuned [27] dressed atom-cavity modes with a single phase-modulated beam [28,29], and with a laser that is frequency doubled for probing and locked to the cavity [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this article, we report a phase shift measurement scheme with reduced cavity-length-induced phase noise using an optical ring cavity and two counterpropagating beams that function as probe and reference with a frequency difference of one cavity free spectral range (FSR). The proposed scheme has several advantages over the general noise cancellation scheme in a Fabry-Pérot cavity with single phase-modulated light [8,[26][27][28][29]. First, the ring cavity geometry allows for the manipulation [30] and probing [31] of atomic momentum states as well as of internal states.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Method for the differential measurement of phase shifts induced by atoms in an optical ring cavity

et al. 2021

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We demonstrate a method of light phase shift measurement using a high-finesse optical ring cavity which exhibits reduced phase noise due to cavity length fluctuations. Two laser beams with a frequency difference of one cavity free spectral range are simultaneously resonant with the cavity, demonstrating noise correlations in the error signals due to the common-mode cavity length fluctuations. The differential error signal shows a 30 dB reduction in cavity noise down to the noise floor in a frequency range up to half the cavity linewidth (δν/2 30 kHz). Various noise sources are analyzed and their contributions to the noise floor are evaluated. Additionally, we apply this noise-reduced phase shift measurement scheme in a simulated spin-squeezing experiment where we have achieved a factor of 40 improvement in phase sensitivity with a phase resolution of 0.7 mrad, which may remove one important barrier against attaining highly spin-squeezed states. The demonstrated method provides a flexible situation by using an optical ring cavity and two independent beams. This method can find direct application to nondestructive measurements in quantum systems, such as for the generation of spin-squeezed states in atom interferometers and atomic clocks.

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Cavity-enhanced non-destructive detection of atoms for an optical lattice clock

Cited by 21 publications

References 32 publications

Collective Spin-Light and Light-Mediated Spin-Spin Interactions in an Optical Cavity

Collective Spin-Light and Light-Mediated Spin-Spin Interactions in an Optical Cavity

Cavity Sub- and Superradiance Enhanced Ramsey Spectroscopy

Method for the differential measurement of phase shifts induced by atoms in an optical ring cavity

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