Lime Stabilization of Waste Activated Sludge

Farzadkia, Mahdi; Bazrafshan, Edris

doi:10.17795/jhealthscope-16035

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The effective lime dosage may differ from site to site depending on environmental conditions, sludge composition, or solids content [7]. The works of Farzadkia et al suggested that 0.265 g hydrated lime added per gram of sludge (equivalent to 77.9% based on dry solids) is effective to stabilise wastewater sludge [8,9]. In the same context, US EPA [4] recommends that actual amount of lime dosage should be a little bit higher than calculated dosage in order to maintain pH value for a period of at least 2 hours of treatment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is known that alkaline conditions affect many physiochemical as well as biochemical equilibriums. The bicarbonate equilibrium is one such chemical equilibrium affected by pH and alkaline conditions are said to promote carbonate precipitation, which, in addition to the added lime, would increase the TS content of the sludge as noted for pH 10 and 10.5 conditions [8,9]. However, for pH > 11, a decrease in total solids was observed.…”

Section: Reactormentioning

confidence: 97%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Off-Site Lime Stabilisation as an Option to Treat Pit Latrine Faecal Sludge for Emergency and Existing On-Site Sanitation Systems

Greya

Thole

Anderson³

et al. 2016

Journal of Waste Management

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Off-site lime stabilisation for treating faecal sludge was assessed by undertaking small-scale (35 L) and large-scale (600 L) field trials in Blantyre, Malawi. Hydrated lime was dosed to maintain pH 10, pH 10.5, pH 11, pH 11.5, and pH 12 depending on the buffer capacity of the faecal sludge in the four replica small-scale field trials. Significant reduction ofE. colito below the detection limit of 104 CFU/100 mL within 1 hour of treatment was reported for pH > 11. Based on the small-scale findings, large-scale field trials were conducted and greater than3 logremoval ofE. coliwas observed under pH 12 conditions. Therefore, based on the study, off-site lime stabilisation by dosing lime in the range of 10–35% w/w (dry solid basis), depending on the buffer capacity and solids content of the sludge to maintain pH > 11, can be used to sanitise faecal sludge during emergencies, as well as for existing on-site sanitation systems.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Reactormentioning

confidence: 97%

Off-Site Lime Stabilisation as an Option to Treat Pit Latrine Faecal Sludge for Emergency and Existing On-Site Sanitation Systems

Greya

Thole

Anderson³

et al. 2016

Journal of Waste Management

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“…They found that both pathogens were killed when pH was more than 11.0 within 2 weeks. Farzadkia and Bazrafshan (2014) studied the lime stabilization of biosolids on the inactivation of FC. The study was conducted in a reactor for 6 weeks, the biosolids stabilization with hydrated lime reduced FC more than 99.99% and the stabilized biosolids met US EPA standards limits of class B.…”

Section: Lime Stabilization Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of pathogenic bacteria from sewage-treated effluent and biosolids for agricultural purposes

et al. 2018

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The reuse of treated sewage for irrigation is considered as an important alternative water source in the new water management strategy of the countries that face a severe deficiency of water resources such as the Middle East countries. The organic material and fertilizing elements contained in biosolids are essential for maintaining soil fertility. However, both treated sewage and biosolids contain a large diversity of pathogens that would be transmitted to the environment and infect human directly or indirectly. Therefore, those pathogens should be reduced from the treated sewage and biosolids before the reuse in the agriculture. This paper reviews the considerations for reuse of treated sewage and biosolids in agriculture and further treatments used for reduction of pathogenic bacteria. The treatment methods used for the reduction of pathogens in these wastes have reviewed. It appeared that the main concern associated with the reduction of pathogenic bacteria lies in their ability to regrow in the treated sewage and biosolids. Therefore, the effective treatment method is that it has the potential to destruct pathogens cells and remove the nutrients to prevent the regrowth or recontamination from the surrounded environment. The removal of nutrients might be applicable in the sewage but not in the biosolids due to high nutrient contents. However, the reduction of health risk in the biosolids might be carried out by regulating the biosolid utilization and selecting the plant species grown in the fertilized soil with biosolids.

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“…Effective stabilization and disinfection of sewage sludge prior to land application are important not only to protect human health. Currently, some of the most commonly used waste stabilization methods are composting (solid state), aerobic digestion (liquid state), anaerobic digestion, lime stabilization [25,26] and sludge drying. The aerobic and anaerobic methods of waste stabilization are among the most prominent [27].…”

Section: Organic Waste Stabilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lime stabilization is a preferred alternative compared to anaerobic and aerobic stabilization processes due to its cost efficiency and enhanced sanitizing effect [25,60]. It effectively reduces the concentration of pathogens in sludge (Table 4), heavy metal availability and enhances its agricultural uses [25].…”

Section: Lime (Alkaline) Stabilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Fertilizers: Public Health Intricacies

Adegoke¹,

Awolusi²,

Stenström³

2016

Organic Fertilizers - From Basic Concepts to Applied Outcomes

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Organic fertilizers are an essential source for plant nutrients and a soil conditioner in agriculture. Due to its sources and the composition of the organic inputs as well as the type, functionality and failures of the applied treatment process, the organic fertilizer may contain various amounts of infectious agents and toxic chemicals, especially the antibiotics that can be introduced to the subsequent food chain. " range of human and animal pathogens of bacterial, viral and parasitic origin have been the cause of foodborne epidemics due to unintended contamination from organic fertilizers. The use of antibiotics by humans and in animal feeds will also end up in the organic fertilizers. These antibiotics and other chemicals, depending on the sources of the organics, will enhance the likelihood of occurrence of resistant and multi-resistant strains of microorganisms in society and have been reported to cause ecotoxicological environmental effects and disruption of the ecological balance. Exposure of microorganisms to sublethal concentration of antibiotics in the organic products induces antibiotic resistance. WHO guidelines for the reuse of excreta and other organic matters identify the risk for the exposed groups to the reuse of the excreta and are applicable in the use of organic fertilizers in agriculture.

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Lime Stabilization of Waste Activated Sludge

Cited by 21 publications

References 20 publications

Off-Site Lime Stabilisation as an Option to Treat Pit Latrine Faecal Sludge for Emergency and Existing On-Site Sanitation Systems

Off-Site Lime Stabilisation as an Option to Treat Pit Latrine Faecal Sludge for Emergency and Existing On-Site Sanitation Systems

Removal of pathogenic bacteria from sewage-treated effluent and biosolids for agricultural purposes

Organic Fertilizers: Public Health Intricacies

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