Lilaline—a flavonoid alkaloid from Lilium candidum

Chromone and Flavonoid Alkaloids: Occurrence and Bioactivity

“…A pyrrolidinoflavonol called lilaline [3,4′,5,7-tetrahydroxy-8-(4-methyl-5-oxo-2-pyrrolidinyl)-flavone] ( 15 , Figure 7) was isolated from the aerial parts (flowers) [14]. …”

C-prolinylquercetins from the yellow cocoon shell of the silkworm, Bombyx mori

“…So far, only eight flavonoidal alkaloids have been reported: ficine and isoficine from Ficus pantoniana (Johns et al, 1965), phyllospadine from Phyllosphadix iwatensis (Takagi et al, 1980), vochsine from Vochysia guaianensis (Baudouin et al, 1983), lilaline from Lilium candidum (Masterova et al, 1987), aquiledine and isoaquiledine from Aquilegia ecalcarata (Chen et al, 2001), and lotthanongine from Trigonostemon reidioides (Kanchanapoom et al, 2002). To our knowledge, prolinalin A (1) and B (2) represent the first examples of a flavonoid conjugated with an amino acid.…”

Flavonoids and their glycosides, including anthocyanins

“…It deserves notice for its content of flavone 7-O-diglycosides with the unusual disaccharide b-GlcAp-(1/2)-b-Glcp (127,134), as mentioned above. 128 Bioassay results of interest for newly reported flavone O-glycosides (Table 1) include those on antifungal activity (125,164), antioxidant activity (102,122,130,137,148,156,157), cytotoxicity (103,127,157), inhibition of lipopolysaccharideinduced NO production (113)(114)(115), inhibition of osteoclast differentiation (124), myeloperoxidase inhibition (122,148), and urease inhibition (107)(108)(109). In several of these examples, evaluation of biological activity was prompted by a documented history of traditional medicinal use for the species of origin.…”