Like or Dislike? Affective Preference Modulates Neural Response to Others' Gains and Losses

Wang, Yan; Qu, Chen; Luo, Qiuling; Qu, Lulu; Li, Xuebing

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0105694

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…In comparison to strangers, participants’ empathic responses toward close friends were only salient when they did not directly participate in a gambling game (Leng and Zhou, 2010; Ma et al, 2011; Wang et al, 2014b). Research also suggests that the larger the extent of self-benefit involvement, the more likely it is that egoism will influence one’s affective response toward others’ monetary outcomes (Wang et al, 2014a). Our findings complement those studies; that is, in demonstrating on the contrary that people are not wholly concerned about personal interests.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We are used to evaluating others’ outcomes from an egocentric perspective. The larger the extent to which self-benefit is involved, the more likely it is that egoism will influence one’s affective response toward others’ monetary outcomes (Wang et al, 2014a). The stronger empathy for a friend compared to a stranger may also be because the friend is self-related, in that the participants may have selfish incentives for increasing the chance of future cooperative interactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Self-Interest Induces Counter- Empathy at the Late Stage of Empathic Responses to Others’ Economic Payoffs

et al. 2019

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Previous studies have found that individuals exhibit empathic responses when others are treated unfairly. However, there remains a lack of clarity over the extent to which self-interest regulates these empathic responses, and in identifying which component of empathy is more likely to be affected. To investigate these issues, an experiment was designed based on a money distribution task with two conditions [observation condition (OC) vs. participation condition (PC)], and carried out using scalp-recorded event-related potentials (ERPs). Behavioral data showed that the participants’ empathic responses were consistent with their coplayers’ emotional expressions in the OC, whereas they were inconsistent with the coplayers’ expressions in the PC. The electrophysiological data showed that the neural encoding of facial expressions (reflected in the N170) was not affected by self-interest. However, the late stage of empathic responses (LPP) showed a decline when participants’ self-interest was involved. Disadvantageous inequality and relatively fair distribution to others elicited a more pronounced feedback-related negativity (FRN) than advantageous inequality distribution in both the OC and PC. As the late stage of empathic responses is also indexed by the LPP amplitude, these results indicate that the participants were more concerned for their own outcomes than for others’ benefits when self-interest was involved, which reduced their empathy toward their coplayers at the late stage of empathic responses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Interest Induces Counter- Empathy at the Late Stage of Empathic Responses to Others’ Economic Payoffs

et al. 2019

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“…Interestingly, studies also showed a “mirror” performance monitoring system in which observing another’s gain or loss also evokes similar FRN, which is called observational FRN (oFRN), as it applies in observation situations (Kang et al, 2010; Wang Y. et al, 2014). Fukushima and Hiraki (2009) found that significant oFRN was elicited only when humans were in observation, not computer players.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Your Performance Is My Concern: A Perspective-Taking Competition Task Affects ERPs to Opponent’s Outcomes

Nan

Yang

et al. 2019

Front. Neurosci.

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Previous research has shown that people have more empathic responses to in-group members and more schadenfreude to out-group members. As a dimension of cognitive empathy, perspective-taking has been considered to be related to the enhancement of empathy. We tried to combine these effects through manipulation of a competitive task with opponents and an in-group partner and investigated the potential effect of in-group bias or the perspective-taking effect on outcome evaluation. We hypothesized that the neural activities would provide evidence of in-group bias. We tested it with a simple gambling observation task and recorded subjects’ electroencephalographic (EEG) signals. Our results showed that the opponent’s loss evoked larger feedback-related negativity (FRN) and smaller P300 activity than the partner’s loss condition, and there was a win vs. loss differential effect in P300 for the opponent only. The principal component analysis (PCA) replicated the loss vs. win P300 effect to opponent’s performance. Moreover, the correlation between the inclusion of the other in the self (IOS) scores and FRN suggests perspective-taking may induce greater monitoring to opponent’s performance, which increases the win vs. loss differentiation brain response to the out-group agent. Our results thus provide evidence for the enhanced attention toward out-group individuals after competition manipulation, as well as the motivation significance account of FRN.

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“…Due to its significant role in social interaction, pain empathy has become an intense area of research in psychology and neuroscience ( Sassenrath et al, 2016 ; Yang et al, 2017 ). Recently, a large body of studies have investigated whether and how pain empathy is affected by social factors such as sense of fairness ( Singer et al, 2006 ), monetary reward ( Guo et al, 2012 ; Goerlich et al, 2016 ), affective preference ( Wang et al, 2014 ; Yang et al, 2014 ), social distance ( Zaki, 2014 ; Wang et al, 2016 ), as well as competition and cooperation ( Cui et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competitive Intensity Modulates the Pain Empathy Response: An Event-Related Potentials Study

Luo

Pang

et al. 2018

Front. Psychol.

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Previous studies have widely reported that competition modulates an individual’s ability to empathize with pain experienced by others. What remains to be clarified, however, is how modulations in the intensity of competition might affect this type of empathy. To investigate this, we first used a Eriksen Flanker task to set different competitive intensity context (high competitive intensity, HCI; medium competitive intensity, MCI; low competitive intensity, LCI). Then we used a recognition task as a competitive task, in which we recorded event-related potentials (ERP) while participants viewed static images of body parts in painful and non-painful situations. Participants were informed that both sets of images depicted an opponent that they were required to play against in the recognition task that varied in levels of competitive intensity according to condition (HCI, MCI, and LCI). We observed an early N2 differentiation between pain and no-pain stimuli over the frontal area under MCI and LCI conditions, but this was not detected under HCI condition. Moreover, we observed a pattern of pain and no-pain differentiation for the late LPP over the frontal and centro-parietal regions under HCI, MCI, and LCI condition. As the pain empathy response is indexed by pain and no-pain differentiation, these results indicate a down-regulation of pain empathy response attributable to a high level of competition. With its very early onset, this effect appears to inhibit bottom-up processing of the ability to perceive pain experienced by an opponent. Our results provide neuroscientific evidence for a deficit in early automatic arousal in response to the pain of the opponent under the influence of high competitive intensity.

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Like or Dislike? Affective Preference Modulates Neural Response to Others' Gains and Losses

Cited by 14 publications

References 33 publications

Self-Interest Induces Counter- Empathy at the Late Stage of Empathic Responses to Others’ Economic Payoffs

Self-Interest Induces Counter- Empathy at the Late Stage of Empathic Responses to Others’ Economic Payoffs

Your Performance Is My Concern: A Perspective-Taking Competition Task Affects ERPs to Opponent’s Outcomes

Competitive Intensity Modulates the Pain Empathy Response: An Event-Related Potentials Study

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