“Like a ball and chain”: Altering locomotion effort perception distorts spatial representations

Lhuillier, Simon; Gyselinck, Valérie; Dutriaux, Léo; Grison, Élise; Nicolas, Serge

doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2018.10.008

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…They were asked to keep the ankle weights on for the whole duration of the study. Similar to previous studies (Lhuillier et al, 2018;Tenhundfeld & Witt, 2017), response biases were prevented by providing a plausible explanation for the use of ankle weights, which were presented as devices containing various sensors such as accelerometers and speedometers.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…We used weighted ankle belts to apply additional physical locomotion effort to participants. Similar to a previous study (Lhuillier et al, 2018), ankle weights were meant to increase both the physical resources used for efferent motor actions and the proprioceptive feedback of the effort spent for leg motion. Ankle weights weighted around 5% of the participant's mass were distributed between the two ankles (e.g., a 60-kg participant wore a 1.5-kg loaded belt on each ankle).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This effect can be observed in relation with individual characteristics of participants: chronic walking pain (Witt et al, 2009) as well as obesity (Sugovic et al, 2016) leads participants to estimate immediate distances as longer than they actually are. The potential energetic cost associated with physical walking could also affect large-scale spatial processing, as simply wearing ankle weights during video learning of new environments decreases spatial performances on a landmark position retrieval task (Lhuillier et al, 2018). Using different approaches, it has been shown that participants who drank energy drinks and felt that their bioenergetic resources were potentiated tended to underestimate immediate distances compared with participants who drank placebo drinks (Cole & Balcetis, 2013).…”

Section: Action-specific Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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“Run to the hills”: Specific contributions of anticipated energy expenditure during active spatial learning

Lhuillier

Piolino

Nicolas

et al. 2022

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology

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Grounded views of cognition consider that space perception is shaped by the body and its potential for action. These views are substantiated by observations such as the distance-on-hill effect, described as the overestimation of visually perceived uphill distances. An interpretation of this phenomenon is that slanted distances are overestimated because of the integration of energy expenditure cues. The visual perceptual processes involved are however usually tackled through explicit estimation tasks in passive situations. The goal of this study was to consider instead more ecological active spatial processing. Using immersive virtual reality and an omnidirectional treadmill, we investigated the effect of anticipated implicit physical locomotion cost by comparing spatial learning for uphill and downhill routes, while maintaining actual physical cost and walking speed constant. In the first experiment, participants learnt city layouts by exploring uphill or downhill routes. They were then tested using a landmark positioning task on a map. In the second experiment, the same protocol was used with participants who wore loaded ankle weights. Results from the first experiment showed that walking uphill routes led to a global underestimation of distances compared to downhill routes. This inverted distance-of-hill effect was not observed in the second experiment, where an additional effort was applied. These results suggest that the underestimation of distances observed in experiment one emerged from recalibration processes whose function was to solve the transgression of proprioceptive predictions linked with uphill energy expenditure. Results are discussed in relation to constructivist approaches on spatial representations and predictive coding theories.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Action-specific Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

“Run to the hills”: Specific contributions of anticipated energy expenditure during active spatial learning

Lhuillier

Piolino

Nicolas

et al. 2022

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology

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“…In particular, virtual environments represent the preferred choice for exploring human spatial cognition (Wilson, 2013), as they can potentially reach a high level of fidelity to the physical, perceptual and spatial characteristics of the real world (Burkhardt, 2003). Virtual reality has thus been used in a variety of recent studies on spatial navigation (Gyselinck et al, 2013;Lhuillier et al, 2018;Nys et al, 2018;Plancher et al, 2018).…”

Section: Virtual Reality As a Means To Explore Human Wayfinding In Simentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring human behavior with Grand Theft Auto V: A study of assisted cognition in wayfinding

Delgrange

Burkhardt

Gyselinck

2020

IJVR

Self Cite

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The rise of virtual reality has overcome many of the methodological challenges faced by researchers studying spatial navigation. Yet, the difficulty in developing life-like virtual settings still remains a substantial barrier to most studies when fidelity to the real world has to be achieved in order to ensure some psychological validity of the results. Moreover, the variety of the settings results in standardization issues across studies. Our argument is that widely available video games could represent a worthwhile alternative to laboratory-made virtual environments, while providing a satisfactory methodological quality. This study assessed a prototype of landmark-based navigational aid by administering wayfinding tasks in the video game Grand Theft Auto V. Our results provide evidence that this video game offers a transparent and adaptable way to investigate cognitive processes with high experimental control and psychological validity. Recommendations towards the use of video game-based methodologies for future research are discussed.

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“…A series of pioneering behavioral studies have found that hills were perceived as steeper when participants were fatigued after an exhausting run (Proffitt et al, 1995), carrying a heavy load, being less physically fit, or being elderly (Bhalla & Proffitt, 1999). Meanwhile, it has been shown that participants tend to overestimate distances for jumpable gaps (Lessard et al, 2009), underestimate their own self-reported walking speed if they wear ankle weights (Lhuillier et al, 2018). These above results imply that some memories of scenes and actions were activated during the physiological experience and bodily sensations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Physical Burden on the Esthetic Preference for Green Natural Environment

Liu

Wang

Liu

et al. 2022

Environment and Behavior

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The perception of beauty is known to be associated with the bodily sensations and evolutionary implications. However, whether the esthetic preference for natural landscape environments with different evolutionary benefits changes on the basis of different degrees of bodily sensations is still an open issue. The present study used four experiments to address this issue. The results showed that participants wearing a heavy backpack gave higher esthetic scores to and generate a strong attentional bias toward the green natural landscapes. Furthermore, the implicit association test (IAT) revealed that a green natural landscape was more readily associated with a high level of relaxation when the participants wore a backpack. The results indicated that the bodily sensation of a physical burden modulates the esthetic preference for natural environments when they consist of green plants, which are associated with a high level of relaxation and have significant evolutionary implications.

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“Like a ball and chain”: Altering locomotion effort perception distorts spatial representations

Cited by 10 publications

References 45 publications

“Run to the hills”: Specific contributions of anticipated energy expenditure during active spatial learning

“Run to the hills”: Specific contributions of anticipated energy expenditure during active spatial learning

Exploring human behavior with Grand Theft Auto V: A study of assisted cognition in wayfinding

The Influence of Physical Burden on the Esthetic Preference for Green Natural Environment

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