Ligustrazine as an Extract from Medicinal and Edible Plant Chuanxiong Encapsulated in Liposome–Hydrogel Exerting Antioxidant Effect on Preventing Skin Photoaging

Abstract

Long-term sunlight exposure will cause the accumulation of free radicals in the skin and lead to oxidative damage and aging, antioxidant drugs have gradually become the focus of research, but there is little research on antioxidant drugs for percutaneous treatment. The purpose of this study was to prepare ligustrazine hydrochloride (TMPZ)-loaded liposome–hydrogel (TMPZ-LG), evaluate its antioxidant properties, and apply it on the skin of mice to observe whether it had preventive and therapeutic effect on the irradiation under the ultraviolet rays, in an attempt to make it into a new kind of delivery through the skin. TMPZ-LG was prepared by the combination of film dispersion and sodium carboxymethylcellulose (2%, CMC-Na) natural swelling method. The release rates in vitro permeation across the dialysis membrane and ex vivo transdermal had both reached 40%; the scavenging effect of TMPZ-LG on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and H2O2 were 65.57 ± 4.13% and 73.06 ± 5.65%; the inhibition rate of TMPZ-LG on malondialdehyde (MDA) production in liver homogenate and anti-low density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation experiments ex vivo were 15.03 ± 0.9% and 21.57 ± 1.2%. Compared with untreated mice, the skin pathological symptoms of mice coated with TMPZ-LG were significantly reduced after ultraviolet irradiation, and there was statistical significance. The results showed TMPZ-LG could exert good antioxidant activity in vitro and ex vivo; therefore, it is feasible to prevent and treat skin oxidation.

Design and Evaluation of Paeonol-Loaded Liposomes in Thermoreversible Gels for Atopic Dermatitis

“…Under acidic and high temperature conditions, MDA can be condensed with thiobarbituric acid (TBA) to produce brown–red trimethylecylate, which can be detected at 532 nm. Studies have shown that the detection of MDA levels could be used as a test index for the symptoms of photoaged skin caused by ultraviolet exposure [ 58 ]. Fardin [ 59 ] used MDA as an antioxidant parameter to study oxidative stress degree in atopic dermatitis.…”

“…PAE-L was prepared using the thin-film dispersion method. Firstly, according to the ratio of phospholipid and cholesterol prescribed in our laboratory [ 58 ], 0.3 g phospholipid, 0.1 g cholesterol, and 0.0028 g paeonol were accurately weighed and placed into a 250 mL beaker, and then 5 mL anhydrous ethanol was added and placed into the ultrasonic cleaner (HS3120, Tianjin Hengao Technology Development Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China) to dissolve completely and quickly spread on the beaker wall rotary evaporator to form liposome film, and an appropriate amount of PBS was added to shake it with magnetic stirrers.…”

Antioxidant Activity of Quercetin-Containing Liposomes-in-Gel and Its Effect on Prevention and Treatment of Cutaneous Eczema

“…Female mice were dissected [ 9 ], and the livers were quickly removed, rinsed repeatedly with 4 °C saline, blotted dry on filter paper, weighed, rinsed with 9-fold cold saline, and homogenized with a glass homogenizer. After centrifugation for 15 min at 4000 rpm, 10% of the liver homogenate was prepared by taking the supernatant and was stored in a refrigerator at 4 °C (The selected quercetin concentrations were 1.15, 1.53, 2.3, 4.6, and 9.2 mg/mL, respectively).…”

“…Complications such as erythema, blisters, and epidermal detachment usually occur [ 6 , 7 ]. In human skin, about 2% of oxygen consumption is converted to ROS (reactive oxygen species); the accumulation of ROS leads to an inflammatory response and accelerated skin oxidation [ 7 , 8 , 9 ]. Therefore, it is important to find ways to protect against skin damage caused by ROS.…”

Astragaloside IV combined with ligustrazine ameliorates abnormal mitochondrial dynamics via Drp1 SUMO/deSUMOylation in cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury

“…Astragali Radix (Huangqi) 23 and Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong) 24 are medicinal and food homologous plants in traditional Chinese medicine, which rhizomes are the main edible medicinal parts. Consuming the rhizome with food is a typical therapy to keep healthy.…”