Lignin XIV. The Precipitation of Lignin from Kraft Black Liquor

Fractionation of Technical Lignin: Molecular Mass and pH Effects

“…In those studies, higher temperatures were reported to cause melting and caking of the precipitate or formation of large tacky clumps (Rinman 1911;Uloth and Wearing 1989). It was suggested that precipitation should be performed just below the coagulation temperature (Merewether 1962). Fractions of 15 to 0 and 15 to 1 kDa black liquor have also been reported to form clumps at higher temperatures, due to higher density coagulation (Wallmo and Theliander 2009).…”

Properties and Potential Utilization of Industrial Eucalyptus Soda/Anthraquinone Lignin Part II. Properties of the Purified Lignin

“…Subsequent coagulation of the lignin precipitate and filtration (Merewether 1962) or decantation (Ball and Vardell 1961) separates the lignin from the liquor containing the spent pulping chemicals, hemicelluloses and some soluble lignin fragments. This liquor can still be used for the recovery of the pulping chemicals provided it is sufficiently concentrated.…”

Properties and Potential Utilization of Industrial Soda Bagasse Lignin

“…Alkali lignin can usually be separated easily from the spent liquor by acidification which causes the lignin to precipitate (Merewether 1962). The resulting precipitate can be coagulated by heating the lignin Suspension to temperatures between 60 and 120°C whereafter the lignin is separated by filtration or decanting (Ball and Vardell 1961).…”