Properties and Potential Utilization of Industrial Soda Bagasse Lignin

Klashorst, G. H. Van Der; Strauss, Heinrich F.

doi:10.1515/hfsg.1986.40.6.375

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…The kraft lignin is constituted mainly of guaiacylpropanoid units (2) of which about half are condensed, i.e., substituted at the 5-position (16). The number of aromatic sites reactive towards base catalyzed electrophilic substitution reactions, therefore, is fairly low at about 0.3 per C9 unit (Table II).…”

Section: Meta Hydroxymethylationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification of Lignin at the 2- and 6-Positions of the Phenylpropanoid Nuclei

Klashorst

1989

ACS Symposium Series

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Lignin model compounds were reacted with formaldehyde in acid medium at positions meta to the aromatic hydroxy groups. Both phenolic and etherified phenolic lignin model compounds were shown to give fast polymerization or hydroxymethylation of the meta positions depending on the conditions used. This reaction differs from the reaction of formaldehyde with phenolic lignin model compounds under alkaline conditions, where the reaction with formaldehyde always occurs at positions ortho/para to the aromatic hydroxy group. The conditions developed for the polymerization and hydroxymethylation were also evaluated on industrial lignin. The reaction of formaldehyde with the meta positions of lignin clearly have considerable potential for the use of lignin, particularly heavily condensed alkali lignin, in polymeric applications.Lignin, present as a waste material in the spent liquors of the pulping industry, constitutes a potentially useful raw material for the production of various polymeric products. This has repeatedly been demonstrated in the past by its application in products ranging from wood adhesives to plastics (1). In these applications the lignin is crosslinked to increase its molecular mass or to form a rigid three-dimension ally crosslinked structure.The features on lignin that were utilized for these polymerization or modification reactions are as follows (compare Fig. 1):1. phenolic hydroxy group; 2. aliphatic hydroxy group; 3. unsubstituted 3-or 5-positions on C9 units; and 4. structures that can form quinonemethide intermediates.

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Section: Meta Hydroxymethylationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification of Lignin at the 2- and 6-Positions of the Phenylpropanoid Nuclei

Klashorst

1989

ACS Symposium Series

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“…Using lignin to produce high value-added products has generated widespread interest (Nguyen et al 2012;Baker and Rials 2013). Vander-Klashorst and Strauss (1986) separated alkali lignin from black liquor and developed phenolic resin, which reduces the consumption of petroleum products, produces a good economic benefit, and protects the environment. Kubo et al (1996) modified alkali lignin by acetylation to change the hot melt property of lignin and then applied it in carbon fiber.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separation of Cell Wall Components by Kraft Pulping and their Utilization for Oil Absorption

2017

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In the conventional pulp and papermaking process, lignin in black liquor is mostly burned for energy. It has not been widely used as a functional polymer. To use both cellulose and lignin component, unique kraft cooking conditions were used in bamboo cooking in this study, and acid precipitation was used to extract lignin from the black liquor. Under different pH values, the precipitated lignins were characterized and compared by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Lignin dissolution in acidic conditions was studied. Pulps with high lignin content were used to synthesize oil absorption materials, which were prepared by grafting butyl methacrylate (BMA) onto the cellulose chain. Sodium silicate was used as an initiator, and 1,4-butane dioldimethacrylate (BDDMA) was used as a crosslinker. The structures of grafted copolymers were characterized by FTIR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetry (TG). The acid precipitation process was found to be effective and has important implications for the further lignin applications. The grafting reaction between pulps and BMA was successful. The silicone oil absorption capacity of the obtained materials was 15.3 g/g.

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“…In our program we are interested in Isolation and chemical reactions of lignin and hemicellulose components of plant materials (Simkovic et al 1987 a, b, c, d).The yields of this non-cellulosic polysaccharides from wood are lower than 20% of the starting wood material when the delignification procedure is not used prior to extraction. The use of annual plants äs the feedstock for hemicellulose Isolation could be more effective because the lignin component is less Condensed during the Isolation (Van der Klashorst et al 1986). In the present paper we have used alkaline activation and subsequent modification of the bagasse material with two different ammonium groups'for Isolation of ethanol-soluble lignin, water-and alkali-soluble fractions of hemicelluloses.The goal was to find out how the yield and molecular weight of obtained fractions are dependent uppon used alkylating agent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Aspects in Cationization of Lignocellulose Materials. XI. Modification of Bagasse with Quarternary Ammonium Groups

Simkovic¹,

Mlynár²,

Alföldi³

et al. 1990

Holzforschung

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Bagasse was activated with 17.5% NaOH and alkylated with quartcrnary ammonium groups.The matcrial was than subsequently fractionated with 80% ctanol, water, and 5% NaOH. Whcn the bagasse was activated and fractionated without alkylation we gained 7.9% yield of lignin. 12.7% of water-soluble hemicclluloscs and 17.9% of alkali-soluble hemicelluloscs. The alkylation of bagasse with 3-chlor-2-hydroxypropyltrimctylammoniumchloridc (CHMAC) and subsequent fractionation gained 9.6% of trimethylammonium-2-hydroxypropyl (TMAHP)-lignin, 21.8% of water-solubleTMAHP-hemicelluloses and 3.5% alkali-soluble TMAHP-fraction. The alkylation with l,3-bis(3-ch!or-2-hydroxypropyl) imidazoliumsulphate (BCHIS) yielded 3.9% of l,3-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)imidazolium (BHPl)-Iignin, 5.3% of BHPI-hemicelluloses extracted with water and 5.6% of BHPI-alkalisolublc-hemicelluloses.The GPC analysis indicatcd the degradation of polysaccharides by modification.

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Properties and Potential Utilization of Industrial Soda Bagasse Lignin

Cited by 13 publications

References 4 publications

Modification of Lignin at the 2- and 6-Positions of the Phenylpropanoid Nuclei

Modification of Lignin at the 2- and 6-Positions of the Phenylpropanoid Nuclei

Separation of Cell Wall Components by Kraft Pulping and their Utilization for Oil Absorption

New Aspects in Cationization of Lignocellulose Materials. XI. Modification of Bagasse with Quarternary Ammonium Groups

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