Lightweight Freestanding CeF₃ Nanorod/Carbon Nanotube Composite Interlayer for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

Abstract

Although the lithium−sulfur battery has been developed for many years, how to restrain the intrinsic polysulfide shuttle is still a hot topic. Recently, it has been found that adding a multifunctional interlayer between cathode and separator can effectively inhibit the shuttle of polysulfides, while the lightweight factor of the interlayer commonly is ignored. In this work, a kind of lightly freestanding interlayer (0.16−0.4 mg cm −3 ) consisting of CeF 3 nanorod (prepared by in situ fluorination of CeO 2 nanorod in carbonization at 700 °C) and carbon nanotubes film (CF) is prepared. In this network structure, the CF network displays high electronic conduction and enhances the reaction kinetics for sulfur; CeF 3 can effectively adsorb polysulfides and enhance the cycle performance. Especially, the battery exhibits an initial specific capacity of 1505 mAh g −1 at 0.05 C, and the capacity decay after 100 cycles is only 0.063% per cycle. In addition, it retains a discharge capacity of 951 mAh g −1 over 100 cycles at 0.2 C and 542 mAh g −1 over 500 cycles at 1 C. Lightly freestanding CeF 3 /CNTs interlayer show a high application potential in the lithium−sulfur batteries.

Construction of Nickel‐Based Dual Heterointerfaces towards Accelerated Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution via Boosting Multi‐Step Elementary Reaction

“…The peak located at 884.17 eV can be assigned to Ce 3+ , and peaks situated 879.65, 881.89, and 886.72 eV are associated with Ce 4+ . [ 15 ] Different from the shift trend of Ni 2p spectrum, the peak features in Ce 3d spectrum of Ni‐CeF 3 ‐VN are obviously shifted to lower binding energies compared with those of pure CeF 3 . This indicates that Ce species in the former material is in an electron acquiring state and accepts electrons transferred from Ni, which is consistent with our original assumption.…”

Polysulfide Filter and Dendrite Inhibitor: Highly Graphitized Wood Framework Inhibits Polysulfide Shuttle and Lithium Dendrites in Li–S Batteries

“…g) Comparison of the areal capacities obtained in this work and reported for cells with other kinds of interlayers. [ 64–76 ]…”

“…As shown in Figure 2g, the cell with the GWF interlayer showed an areal capacity of 4.2 mAh cm −2 , which is a considerable value compared with other kinds of interlayers. [ 64–76 ]…”

Cobalt nickel boride nanocomposite as high-performance anode catalyst for direct borohydride fuel cell

“…Therefore, the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was recorded at the OCV of DBFC from 100 kHz to 0.01 Hz. In general, the intersection point between the curve and the actual axis reflects the high frequency equivalent series resistance (Rs), which originates from the resistance of the electrolyte solution, including connections of interfaces and electrode clips, while the diameter of semicircles of Nyquist plots corresponding to the charge transfer resistance (Rct) [58,59]. The values of Rs and Rct have great influence on the electrocatalytic kinetics, usually a smaller value of Rs indicates a good combination of catalyst and collector, and smaller Rct value indicates an expeditious charge transfer.…”