Lightweight and Low-Loss 3-D Printed Millimeter-Wave Bandpass Filter Based on Gap-Waveguide

Al-Juboori, Bahaa; Zhou, Jiafeng; Huang, Yi; Hussein, Muaad; Alieldin, Ahmed; Otter, William J.; Klugmann, D.; Lucyszyn, S.

doi:10.1109/access.2018.2886210

Cited by 33 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In [183] a 4th order filter in groove gap waveguide technology working at around 35 GHz with fractional bandwidth 1.4% has been manufactured using PolyJet printer. As can be seen in Fig.…”

Section: ) Am Of Plastic Filtersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Trends in Techniques and Technology as Applied to Filter Design

et al. 2021

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In the last decade, the filter community has innovated both design techniques and the technology used for practical implementation. In design, the philosophy has become "if you can't avoid it, use it", a very practical engineering approach. Modes previously deemed spurious are intentionally used to create in-line networks incorporating real or imaginary transmission zeros and also reduce the number of components and thus further miniaturize; spurious responses are re-routed to increase the passband width or stopband width, frequency variation in couplings is used to create complex transfer functions, with all of these developments using what was previously avoided. Clever implementations of baluns into passive and active networks is resulting in a new generation of noise-immune filters for 5G and beyond. Finally, the use of a diakoptic approach to synthesis has appeared an evolving approach in which small blocks ("singlets", "doublets", etc.) are cascaded to implement larger networks, (reducing the need for very complex synthesis), with this new approach promising a large impact on the implementation of practical structures. Filter technology has migrated towards "observe it and then adapt it", pragmatically repurposing tools not specifically originally intended for the applications. Combinations of surface wave and bulk wave resonators with L-C networks are improving the loss characteristics of filters in the region below 2 GHz. Lightweight alloys and other materials designed for spacecraft are being used in filters intended for space, to provide temperature stability without the use of heavy alloys such as Invar. Fully-enclosed waveguide is being replaced in some cases by planar and quasiplanar structures propagating quasi-waveguide modes. This is generically referred to as SIW (Substrate Integrated Waveguide). Active filters trade noise figure for insertion loss but perhaps will offer advantage in terms of size and chip-level implementation. Finally, the era of reconfiguration might be approaching, as the basic networks are evolving, perhaps lacking only the appearance of lower-loss, higher-IP solid-state tuning elements.

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“…In [183] a 4th order filter in groove gap waveguide technology working at around 35 GHz with fractional bandwidth 1.4% has been manufactured using PolyJet printer. As can be seen in Fig.…”

Section: ) Am Of Plastic Filtersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Trends in Techniques and Technology as Applied to Filter Design

et al. 2021

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“…Several bandpass filters have been successfully implemented in GGW technology [22]- [30]. They are based on resonant cavities [22]- [24], coupled resonators [25]- [29], and periodic corrugations acting as resonators [30]. Due to their configurations, these bandpass filters are of narrow-band type.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this way, simple and compact norder Chebyshev GGW filter structures with high performance and robustness against manufacturing tolerances can be achieved. The resulting structures are suitable not only for prototype manufacturing using a computer numerical control (CNC) machining technique, but they can also be fabricated with an emerging three-dimensional (3-D) printing technique [29], [33]- [35], thus providing a new class of low-cost and lowweight components for communications systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compact Wideband Groove Gap Waveguide Bandpass Filters Manufactured with Printing and CNC Milling Techniques

Hinojosa¹,

Máximo-Gutiérrez²,

Álvarez‐Melcón³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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This paper presents for the first time a compact wideband bandpass filter in groove gap waveguide (GGW) technology. The structure is obtained by including metallic pins along the central part of the GGW bottom plate according to an n-order Chebyshev stepped impedance synthesis method. The bandpass response is achieved by combining the high-pass characteristic of the GGW and the low-pass behavior of the metallic pins, which act as impedance inverters. This simple structure together with the rigorous design technique allow reducing the manufacturing complexity for the realization of high-performance filters. These capabilities are verified by designing a fifth-order GGW Chebyshev bandpass filter in the frequency range of the WR-75 standard with a fractional bandwidth FBW = 37% and return loss RL = 20 dB, and by implementing it using computer numerical control (CNC) machining and three-dimensional (3-D) printing techniques. Three prototypes have been manufactured: one using a CNC milling machine and two others by means of a stereolithography-based 3-D printer and a photopolymer resin. One of the two resin-based prototypes has been metallized from a silver vacuum thermal evaporation deposition technique, while for the other a spray coating system has been used. The three prototypes have shown a good agreement between the measured S-parameters and simulated results, and offer high-performance frequency responses and reduced size with respect to other GGW bandpass filters. These GGW bandpass filters could have a great potential for future emerging satellite communications systems.

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“…In the past few years, much work has focussed on additive manufacturing using polymer-based 3-D printing for high frequency applications, including rectangular waveguides [3]- [12]. Polymer-based 3-D printing offers many advantages over metal-based 3-D printing, including having excellent internal wall intrinsic conductivity, low surface roughness and the possibility of realising entirely new designs for components and systems that were not previously possible using conventional subtractive manufacturing techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3-D printed primary standards for calibration of microwave network analysers

et al. 2020

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This paper describes the design, fabrication and testing of 3-D printed primary standards for use with the calibration of microwave vector network analysers. The standards are a short-circuit and a quarter wavelength section of line that are designed for use with the Thru-Reflect-Line calibration technique. The standards are realised in metal-pipe rectangular waveguide, covering the frequency range from 12 GHz to 18 GHz (i.e., Ku-band). The standards are polymer-based 3-D printed, which is subsequently metal plated to provide the required electrical conductivity. The performance of the standards is compared with conventionally machined standards that are used as part of the UK's primary national measurement system for microwave scattering parameters. The authors believe that this is the first time that 3-D printing techniques have been used to produce such calibration standards, and, that this could lead to a new approach to providing metrological traceability for these types of measurement.

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Lightweight and Low-Loss 3-D Printed Millimeter-Wave Bandpass Filter Based on Gap-Waveguide

Cited by 33 publications

References 44 publications

Emerging Trends in Techniques and Technology as Applied to Filter Design

Emerging Trends in Techniques and Technology as Applied to Filter Design

Compact Wideband Groove Gap Waveguide Bandpass Filters Manufactured with Printing and CNC Milling Techniques

3-D printed primary standards for calibration of microwave network analysers

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