Lighting Up Agricultural Sustainability in the New Era through Nanozymology: An Overview of Classifications and Their Agricultural Applications

Abstract

With the concept of sustainable agriculture receiving increasing attention from humankind, nanozymes, nanomaterials with enzyme-like activity but higher environmental endurance and longer-term stability than natural enzymes, have enabled agricultural technologies to be reformative, economic, and portable. Benefiting from their multiple catalytic activities and renewable nanocharacteristics, nanozymes can shine in agricultural scenarios using enzyme engineering and nanoscience, acting as sustainable toolboxes to improve agricultural production and reduce the risk to agricultural systems. Herein, we comprehensively discuss the classifications of nanozymes applied in current agriculture, including peroxidase-like, oxidase-like, catalase-like, superoxide dismutase-like, and laccase-like nanozymes, as well as their biocatalytic mechanisms. Especially, different applications of nanozymes in agriculture are deeply reviewed, covering crop protection and nutrition, agroenvironmental remediation and monitoring, and agroproduct quality monitoring. Finally, the challenges faced by nanozymes in agricultural applications are proposed, and we expect that our review can further enhance agricultural sustainability through nanozymology.

Schiff-Base Chemistry-Coupled Catechol Oxidase-Like Nanozyme Reaction as a Universal Sensing Mode for Ultrasensitive Biosensing

“…AA is widely distributed in diverse fruits participating in human metabolism processes . AA could compete with CAT to form another fluorescent product whose emission peak was at 425 nm and decrease the emission peak at 590 nm, originating a ratiometric fluorescent signal (Figure E).…”

Perovskite Nanocrystals: Superior Luminogens for Food Quality Detection Analysis

“…Metal halide perovskite nanocrystals were first reported in the end of the 19th century, but it was not until the 1990s that they initiated research interest in science and engineering communities. 24 Lead-based halide perovskite possessed three admirable superiorities serving as luminogens, which mainly contained (1) high photoluminescence quantum yield (up to 90%) that could be realized without any specific postsynthesis treatment; (2) photoluminescence with a narrow full width at half-maximum, i.e., below 100 meV; and (3) photoluminescence could be tuned in the whole visible spectrum range through changing the nature and proportion of halide ions in perovskite. 20,22,25,26 Meanwhile, the optical properties of perovskite nanocrystals could be easily regulated across the visible spectra of light by changing the composition of halide.…”

“…1 Continuously, the primary challenge is how to timely and accurately detect foodborne hazards in the food product supply, especially under the circumstances of the rampant global climate change and the increasingly global population growth. 2 Brierly, current agricultural productions encounter a great deal of stresses resulting from the frequent climate challenges, such as drought, extreme cold, drought, heat, salinity, and corresponding species variations of pathogenic and pest agents. 3,4 Meanwhile, the global population is projected to reach approximately 9.8 billion by 2050 from the current 7.7 billion, necessitating a minimum 50% increase in food supply to sustain the entire human population.…”

“…Global food quality and security is one of the most vitally crucial concerns because of the frequently encountered foodborne hazards in the food production process, such as pathogens, biotoxins, pesticides, veterinary drugs, heavy metal ions, and inappropriate treatment and storage, which lead to disadvantageous impacts on food resources, nutrition, and human health . Continuously, the primary challenge is how to timely and accurately detect foodborne hazards in the food product supply, especially under the circumstances of the rampant global climate change and the increasingly global population growth . Brierly, current agricultural productions encounter a great deal of stresses resulting from the frequent climate challenges, such as drought, extreme cold, drought, heat, salinity, and corresponding species variations of pathogenic and pest agents. , Meanwhile, the global population is projected to reach approximately 9.8 billion by 2050 from the current 7.7 billion, necessitating a minimum 50% increase in food supply to sustain the entire human population. , The increasingly grievous damage to global limited food resources and sharply ascending global food demand propose a brand-new monitoring requirement for global food practices.…”

“Potential Scalpel”: A Bioassisted Ultrafast Staining Lateral Flow Immunoassay from De Novo to Results

“…The colorimetric lateral flow immunoassay (cLFIA), as one of the most prominent methods of point-of-care testing (POCT) for monitoring analytes, has played an increasingly key role in medical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and food analysis because of its cost-effectiveness, user-friendliness, rapidity, excellent selectivity, and wide applicability. − Generally, the analytical performance of cLFIA is highly dependent on the optical signal tracer of monoclonal antibodies (SR-mAbs), because they are generators of the reading signals in cLFIA sensing systems. − Recently, the exploitation of dyestuffs to serve as SR-mAbs in the cLFIA has drawn plentiful interest due to its simple steps, cheap chemical reagents, time-saving steps, satisfactory performance, and reduction of the discrepancy between batches of materials synthesis. − The most significant precondition for the manufacture of a dyestuff-based cLFIA is the successful staining of the mAbs by dyestuffs . However, the current development depends too much on trial-and-error strategies owing to the lack of a universal description of the dyestuffs as the SR of cLFIA.…”