Light Weight Complex Metal Hydrides for Reversible Hydrogen Storage

Abstract

We have investigated the complex metal hydrides involving light weight elements or compounds for the reversible hydrogen storage. The complex hydrides are prepared via an inexpensive solid state mechanochemical process under reactive atmosphere at ambient temperatures. The complex metal hydride, LiBH4 with different mole concentrations of ZnCl2 were characterized for the new phase formation and hydrogen decomposition characteristics of Zn(BH4)2. Furthermore, the complex metal hydride is destabilized using the addition of nano MgH2 for the reversible hydrogen storage characteristics. The structural, microstructural, surface, and other physicochemical behaviors of these lightweight complex metal hydrides have been studied via various metrological tools such as x-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal programed desorption, and PCT hydrogen absorption methods.

A Review on Advanced Manufacturing for Hydrogen Storage Applications

“…Storage of hydrogen within metal hydrides occurs in the gas phase allowing hydrogen to react with the metals, specifically light metals, to create a metal hydride [30]. Metals often involved in the hydrogen storage process are light metals including that but not limited to, lithium, sodium, magnesium, boron, tin, and aluminum [109].…”

“…Reactions including MgH 2 /Mg(NH 2 ) 2 , were widely studied pertaining to hydrogen storage and although there are still issues regarding their thermodynamics as the hydrogen adsorbed is released at high temperatures, MgH 2 /Mg(NH 2 ) 2 can release at least 6.0% wt of hydrogen at the completion of the reversible reaction [9,100]. With that, the addition of other hydride forming metals, or the formation of a quaternary structure can improve the reversibility of the reaction and MgH 2 alone is not reversible in nature [30]. Forms of Mg and Li compounds used for metal hydride hydrogen storage are of the most researched as those elements are of the lightest and most reactive hydride forming elements in the periodic table.…”

“…Technology for the 3D printing of metals and ceramics has been explored and a summary of many of those manufacturing techniques is given in this review. Through the use of 3D printing, metal hydride and carbon nanostructured materials can be made which have been found to store hydrogen efficiently through physisorption of hydrogen onto the surfaces of the material [30]. This review can be helpful to provide an insight towards achieving Net-Zero via different pathways for example CO 2 capture, storage and utilization [31][32][33].…”

A comprehensive review of the prospects for future hydrogen storage in materials‐application and outstanding issues

“…Additionally, these requirements could be changed for stationary applications but providing reversible room temperature storage is essential when considering the overall cost. Moreover, only interstitial/metallic hydrides exhibit fast kinetics, whereas physisorption materials exhibit slow H 2 absorption/desorption rates at higher temperatures 19 . To date, few materials, such as intermetallic compounds, have shown excellent hydrogen storage properties at room temperature.…”

Density Functional Theory Study of Li-Functionalized Nanoporous R-Graphyne–Metal–Organic Frameworks for Reversible Hydrogen Storage

“…Hydrogen can be adsorbed on various materials (chemical hosts), such as triazine-based organic frameworks, , porous aromatic frameworks, microporous polymers, porous polymer networks, hyper-cross-linked polymers, and smaller carbon-based molecules. − A recently investigated metal hydride, that is, Mg­(BH 4 ) 2 @MgH 2 nanoparticles, can reversibly store up to 4.8% of hydrogen at a temperature of 260 °C . While complex metal hydrides such as Zn­(BH 4 ) 2 and LiBH 4 :MgH 2 can reversibly store up to 10 and ∼3% of hydrogen at 130 and 350 °C, respectively . Y­(AlH 4 ) 3 is found to store hydrogen reversibly up to 3.4% below 140 °C .…”