Light–Tissue Interaction at Optical Clearing

Genina, Elina A.; Bashkatov, Alexey N.; Larin, Kirill V.; Tuchin, Valery V.

doi:10.1002/9783527632053.ch7

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 143 publications

(264 reference statements)

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“…7 The various research studies done so far with this method have used different types of biological tissues and optical clearing agents (OCAs) to obtain the decreased light scattering during the applied treatments. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] The transparency effect initiates with the administration of an OCA to the tissue, which can be made topically or by tissue immersion in the agent. Once the OCA enters in contact with the tissue, the optical transparency effect is created through the cooperation of two mech- 18 cal tissues present a characteristic high-scattering coefficient and anisms: tissue dehydration and RI matching.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffusion characteristics of ethylene glycol in skeletal muscle

et al. 2014

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Part of the optical clearing study in biological tissues concerns the determination of the diffusion characteristics of water and optical clearing agents in the subject tissue. Such information is sufficient to characterize the time dependence of the optical clearing mechanisms-tissue dehydration and refractive index (RI) matching. We have used a simple method based on collimated optical transmittance measurements made from muscle samples under treatment with aqueous solutions containing different concentrations of ethylene glycol (EG), to determine the diffusion time values of water and EG in skeletal muscle. By representing the estimated mean diffusion time values from each treatment as a function of agent concentration in solution, we could identify the real diffusion times for water and agent. These values allowed for the calculation of the correspondent diffusion coefficients for those fluids. With these results, we have demonstrated that the dehydration mechanism is the one that dominates optical clearing in the first minute of treatment, while the RI matching takes over the optical clearing operations after that and remains for a longer time of treatment up to about 10 min, as we could see for EG and thin tissue samples of 0.5 mm.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffusion characteristics of ethylene glycol in skeletal muscle

et al. 2014

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“…The temporary selective optical clearing of tissue layers is the key technique for structural and functional imaging, particularly for detection of local morphological or physiological inhomogeneities hidden within a highly scattering medium. 3,4,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17] The optical clearing of biological tissue is based on partial replacement of tissue interstitial°uid by immersion agent with refractive index higher than the refractive index of interstitial°u id and tissue dehydration. These molecular processes, related to phenomenon of osmoses, lead to the matching of refractive indices of the interstitial°u id and tissue structures (collagen¯bers, cell organelles, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of glucose and glycerol diffusion in myocardium

Tuchina

Bashkatov

Genina

et al. 2015

J. Innov. Opt. Health Sci.

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The results on determination of glucose and glycerol di®usion coe±cients in myocardium tissue are presented. The method is based on the measurement and analysis of temporal dependence of tissue optical collimated transmittance under action of a hyperosmotic agent. This temporal tissue response is related to the rate of the agent and water di®usion in a tissue. The di®usion coe±cients for tissue°uid°uxes at glucose and glycerol application to the myocardium at 20 C have been estimated as ð4:75 AE 3:40Þ Â 10 À7 and ð7:71 AE 4:63Þ Â 10 À7 cm 2 /s, respectively.

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“…As typical granular organelles in a mammalian cell, mitochondria and ribosome contain a moderate concentration of biomolecules, thus having a narrow range of RI (1.38–1.41). 19 Hence, we speculated that the unmatched intracellular scatterers by Sca l eA2 were organelles with a higher density of contents, such as condensed lipid droplets, late endosomes, and lysosomes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Clearing Delivers Ultrasensitive Hyperspectral Dark-Field Imaging for Single-Cell Evaluation

et al. 2016

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A single-cell optical clearing methodology is developed and demonstrated in hyperspectral dark-field microscopy (HSDFM) and imaging of plasmonic nanoprobes. Our strategy relies on a combination of delipidation and refractive index (RI) matching with highly biocompatible and affordable agents. Before applying the RI-matching solution, the delipidation step by using a mild solvent effectively eliminates those high-density, lipid-enriched granular structures which emit strong scattering. Upon the treatments, the background scattering from cellular organelles could be repressed to a negligible level while the scattering signals from plasmonic nanomaterials increase, leading to a significant improvement on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). With this method established, the versatility and applicability of HSDFM are greatly enhanced. In our demonstration, quantitative mapping of the dimerization-activated receptor kinase HER2 is achieved in a single cancer cell by non-fluorescent approach. High-resolution imaging for oncogenic mRNAs, namely ER, PR, and HER2, is performed with single labeling. More importantly, in situ multiplex detection of mRNA and protein is made possible by HSDFM since it overcomes the difficulties of complex staining and signal imbalance suffered by the conventional optical imaging. Last, we show that with optical clearing, characterization of intracellularly grown gold particulates is accomplished at an unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution. Taken together, the uniqueness of optical clearing and HSDFM is expected to open ample avenues for single-cell studies and biomedical engineering.

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Light–Tissue Interaction at Optical Clearing

Cited by 15 publications

References 143 publications

Diffusion characteristics of ethylene glycol in skeletal muscle

Diffusion characteristics of ethylene glycol in skeletal muscle

Quantification of glucose and glycerol diffusion in myocardium

Optical Clearing Delivers Ultrasensitive Hyperspectral Dark-Field Imaging for Single-Cell Evaluation

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