Light-soaking free organic photovoltaic devices with sol–gel deposited ZnO and AZO electron transport layers

Jiang, Zenan; Soltanian, Saeid; Gholamkhass, Bobak; Aljaafari, Abdullah; Servati, Peyman

doi:10.1039/c8ra07071g

Cited by 33 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…This is more likely to happen for ETLs such as TiO 2 or ZnO. In such cases, dopants are used like aluminum (above 4% doping in AZO layer) [ 85 ] or the titanium chelate TIPD in the TiO 2 layer. After its oxidation, the latter dopant loses its isopropoxide part upon thermal annealing and the final doped TiO 2 layer gets a smoother surface with less porosity and roughness.…”

Section: Critical Parameters Under Low Light Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Indoor Perovskite Photovoltaics for the Internet of Things—Challenges and Opportunities toward Market Uptake

Polyzoidis

Rogdakis

Kymakis

2021

Advanced Energy Materials

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The high‐power conversion efficiency of flexible perovskite photovoltaics (PPV) at low light environment and their low‐cost manufacturing processes, render PPV superior to conventional rigid photovoltaics targeting indoor applications. However, various parameters related to materials, architecture, processing, and indoor characterization need to be optimized further toward improving indoor PPV (iPPV) efficiency, stability, and ecotoxicity. This work provides an overview of the recent progress, trends, and challenges in the field and suggests a holistic approach toward a viable design and integration of iPPVs into Internet of Things (IoT) platforms without any compromise on safety and cost effectiveness. The key impact of selecting proper materials and fabrication techniques, as well as optimizing the active area and architecture is described. Certain peculiarities of the indoor lighting conditions are discussed that can be addressed by proper simulation tools, including the understanding of the charge‐transfer mechanism, the diversification of the lamp types, as well as identifying the requirements for the production, standardization, and installation of iPPVs associated with IoT devices. A multidimensional engineering approach that considers aspects of architecture, light technology, load specifications, materials, processing, safety and cost, is proposed as a path toward accelerating iPPV market uptake for households, businesses, wearables and Industry 4.0 applications.

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Section: Critical Parameters Under Low Light Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, this is an aspect that needs to be proactively considered and tackled by proper doping or UV‐radiation of the ETL. [ 85,86 ]…”

Section: Critical Parameters Under Low Light Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor Perovskite Photovoltaics for the Internet of Things—Challenges and Opportunities toward Market Uptake

Polyzoidis

Rogdakis

Kymakis

2021

Advanced Energy Materials

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“…In indoor photovoltaic devices using metal oxide transport layers such as SnO 2 , TiO 2 , ZnO, there is a possibility that these devices suffer s-shape challenge (light soaking effect) limiting the power conversion efficiency ( Jiang et al, 2018 ; Yan et al, 2017 ). These metal oxide layers have defects which are filled during the 1 Sun measurement due to the UV-spectral component and high incident light intensity.…”

Section: Challenges and Future Outlookmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wide-Bandgap Halide Perovskites for Indoor Photovoltaics

Jagadamma

Wang

2021

Front. Chem.

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Indoor photovoltaics (IPVs) are receiving great research attention recently due to their projected application in the huge technology field of Internet of Things (IoT). Among the various existing photovoltaic technologies such as silicon, Cadmium Telluride (CdTe), Copper Indium Gallium Selenide (CIGS), organic photovoltaics, and halide perovskites, the latter are identified as the most promising for indoor light harvesting. This suitability is mainly due to its composition tuning adaptability to engineer the bandgap to match the indoor light spectrum and exceptional optoelectronic properties. Here, in this review, we are summarizing the state-of-the-art research efforts on halide perovskite-based indoor photovoltaics, the effect of composition tuning, and the selection of various functional layer and device architecture onto their power conversion efficiency. We also highlight some of the challenges to be addressed before these halide perovskite IPVs are commercialized.

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“…It is a well-observed phenomenon that OPVs require a few minutes of light-soaking (LS) to maximise FF and reach a stable, optimal performance. The origin of LS induced performance improvement has been ascribed to different processes: ZnO UV activation, [25] adsorbed oxygen on indium tin oxide (ITO), [26] trap filling within the oxide layers, [27] and ITO/ electron transport layer (ETL) interface energetic barriers, [28] and unfavourable phase-separation leading to energetic barriers. [29] Often this LS effect is ignored at 1 Sun excitation, as at this light intensity the effect is already maximised after only a few minutes of solar illumination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Commercial Benchmark: Light‐Soaking Free, Fully Scalable, Large‐Area Organic Solar Cells for Low‐Light Applications

Luke

Corrêa²,

Rodrigues³

et al. 2021

Advanced Energy Materials

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Low‐light applications provide an exciting market opportunity for organic solar cells (OSCs). However, so far, studies have only considered OSCs of limited commercial viability. Herein, the applicability of a fully‐scalable, flexible, inverted non‐fullerene acceptor (NFA) containing OSC is demonstrated by showing its superior performance to silicon under low‐light, achieving 40 µW cm−2 maximum power output at 1300 lx illumination. The effect of parasitic resistance and dark current on low‐light performance are identified. Furthermore, an atmosphere sensitive light‐soaking (LS) effect, critical for low‐light performance and resulting in undesirable S‐shaped current‐voltage characteristics, is analyzed. By employing different interlayers and photoactive layers (PALs) the origin of this LS effect is identified as poor electron extraction at the electron transport layer (ETL)/PAL interface when the common ETL ZnO is used. Two strategies are implemented to overcome the LS effect: replacement of ZnO with SnO2 nanoparticles to reduce ETL sub‐gap electron trap states or tuning the NFA energy levels to optimize interfacial energetics. Finally, the commercial viability of these LS‐free devices is demonstrated by fabricating fully printed large‐area modules (21.6 cm2) achieving a maximum power output of 17.2 µW cm−2, providing the most relevant example of the currently obtainable performance in commercial low‐light OSCs.

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Light-soaking free organic photovoltaic devices with sol–gel deposited ZnO and AZO electron transport layers

Abstract: This paper investigates the mechanism of light-soaking effects in inverted organic photovoltaic devices with zinc oxide and aluminum doped ZnO electron transport layers, which is important for development of low-cost and stable solar cells.

Cited by 33 publications

References 27 publications

Indoor Perovskite Photovoltaics for the Internet of Things—Challenges and Opportunities toward Market Uptake

Indoor Perovskite Photovoltaics for the Internet of Things—Challenges and Opportunities toward Market Uptake

Wide-Bandgap Halide Perovskites for Indoor Photovoltaics

A Commercial Benchmark: Light‐Soaking Free, Fully Scalable, Large‐Area Organic Solar Cells for Low‐Light Applications

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