Light-Excited Antibiotics for Potentiating Bacterial Killing via Reactive Oxygen Species Generation

Abstract

The irrational or excessive use of antibiotics causes the emergence of bacterial resistance, making antibiotics less effective or ineffective. As the number of resistant antibiotics increases, it is crucial to develop new strategies and innovative approaches to potentiate the efficacy of existing antibiotics. In this paper, we report that some existing antibiotics can produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) directly under light irradiation. Thus, a novel antibacterial photodynamic therapy (PDT) strategy is proposed by using existing antibiotics for which the activities are potentiated via light-activation. This antibiotic-based PDT strategy can achieve efficient bacteria killing with a low dosage of antibiotics, indicating that bacterial killing can be enhanced by the light-irradiated antibiotics. Moreover, the specific types of ROS produced by different antibiotics under light irradiation were studied for better elucidation of the antibacterial mechanism. The findings can extend the application of existing antibiotics and provide a promising strategy for treatment of bacterial infections and even cancers.

Which is Better for Nanomedicines: Nanocatalysts or Single‐Atom Catalysts?

“…Jiang et al reported that some existing antibi-otics, such as polymyxin B, sulfamethizole, norfloxacin, and glycopeptide teicoplanin could directly produce ROS under light irradiation (Figure 5c). [225] Therefore, antibacterial PDT can utilize existing antibiotics at low does, whose cell killing activity is enhanced by light activation. The development of antibiotic-based, antibacterial PDT strategy can effectively kill bacteria using antibiotics.…”

“…Adapted with permission. [ 225 ] Copyright 2020, American Chemical Society. d) PB@PDA@Ag applied for diabetic wound healing.…”

Triple-synergistic MOF-nanozyme for efficient antibacterial treatment

“…The modes of toxicity when designed nanoparticles interact with a bacterium involve disruption of electron transport chains, cell membrane disruption, release of heavy metals, damage of proton efflux pumps, and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) [ 20 ]. Among them, ROS has been proved to be a rapid, effective, and broad-spectrum antibacterial and even anti-cancer strategy, and it is not inclined to promote drug-resistant bacteria [ [21] , [22] , [23] , [24] , [25] , [26] , [27] , [28] , [29] , [30] , [31] ]. Moreover, ROS is reactive with DNA and lipids of inactive bacteria, especially to the multidrug-resistant “superbugs” and the refractory biofilms, exhibiting an excellent antibacterial potential [ 32 ].…”

The chemodynamic antibacterial effect of MnOX nanosheet decorated silicon nanowire arrays

“…ROS can be produced through the catalysis of metals and metal oxides 20,21 , electron transfer in redox reactions, and normal mitochondrial metabolism 22 , etc. Excitation conditions include chemodynamics 23,24 , photodynamics 25,26 and acoustic dynamics 27,28 . The generation of ROS by metal oxide nanosheets often requires external energy stimulation 29,30 .…”