Light brown apple moth's arrival in California worries commodity groups

Varela, L. G.; Johnson, Marshall W.; Strand, Larry L.; Wilen, C. A.; Pickel, C.

doi:10.3733/ca.v062n02p57

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Lightbrown apple moth now has been found in California. A mating disruption campaign uses ground-based sprays and hand-applied dispensers (Garvey 2008;Varela et al 2008).…”

Section: Mating Disruption In Orchardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Pheromones and Their Impact on Pest Management

Witzgall¹,

Kirsch²,

2010

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The idea of using species-specific behavior-modifying chemicals for the management of noxious insects in agriculture, horticulture, forestry, stored products, and for insect vectors of diseases has been a driving ambition through five decades of pheromone research. Hundreds of pheromones and other semiochemicals have been discovered that are used to monitor the presence and abundance of insects and to protect plants and animals against insects. The estimated annual production of lures for monitoring and mass trapping is on the order of tens of millions, covering at least 10 million hectares. Insect populations are controlled by air permeation and attract-and-kill techniques on at least 1 million hectares. Here, we review the most important and widespread practical applications. Pheromones are increasingly efficient at low population densities, they do not adversely affect natural enemies, and they can, therefore, bring about a long-term reduction in insect populations that cannot be accomplished with conventional insecticides. A changing climate with higher growing season temperatures and altered rainfall patterns makes control of native and invasive insects an increasingly urgent challenge. Intensified insecticide use will not provide a solution, but pheromones and other semiochemicals instead can be implemented for sustainable area-wide management and will thus improve food security for a growing population. Given the scale of the challenges we face to mitigate the impacts of climate change, the time is right to intensify goal-oriented interdisciplinary research on semiochemicals, involving chemists, entomologists, and plant protection experts, in order to provide the urgently needed, and cost-effective technical solutions for sustainable insect management worldwide.

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“…Lightbrown apple moth now has been found in California. A mating disruption campaign uses ground-based sprays and hand-applied dispensers (Garvey 2008;Varela et al 2008).…”

Section: Mating Disruption In Orchardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Pheromones and Their Impact on Pest Management

Witzgall¹,

Kirsch²,

2010

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“…One of the more recent invasions has been into the United States. Two individuals were captured near Berkeley, CA, in 2006, and the species was ofÞcially conÞrmed as present in the state by March 2007 (Varela et al 2008). As of December 2007, Ͼ16,800 moths had been caught in sex pheromone traps distributed throughout California (Varela et al 2008, Brown et al 2010.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two individuals were captured near Berkeley, CA, in 2006, and the species was ofÞcially conÞrmed as present in the state by March 2007 (Varela et al 2008). As of December 2007, Ͼ16,800 moths had been caught in sex pheromone traps distributed throughout California (Varela et al 2008, Brown et al 2010. Extensive surveys for moths in central coastal California over the past 40 yr failed to detect E. postvittana (Brown et al 2010), suggesting a relatively recent introduction of the pest; however, debate over the exact length of time that E. postvittana has been in California continues (Chen 2010).…”

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confidence: 99%

Patterns of Mitochondrial Haplotype Diversity in the Invasive Pest Epiphyas postvittana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Tooman¹,

Rose²,

Carraher³

et al. 2011

jnl. econ. entom.

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The light brown apple moth, Epiphyas postvittana (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), is a horticultural pest of Australia and New Zealand that has more recently invaded Hawaii, Europe, and California. A 2,216-bp region of the mitochondrial genome containing the cytochrome oxidase I and II genes was sequenced from 752 individuals. Haplotype network analyses revealed a major split between a predominantly Western Australian clade and all other samples, suggestive of either a deep genetic divergence or a cryptic species. Nucleotide and haplotype diversity were highest in the country of origin, Australia, and in New Zealand populations, with evidence of haplotype sharing between New Zealand and Tasmania. Nucleotide and haplotype diversity were higher in California than within the British Isles or Hawaii. From the total of 96 haplotypes, seven were found in California, of which four were private. Within California, there have been at least two introductions; based on genetic diversity we were unable to assign a likely source for a single moth found and eradicated in Los Angeles in 2007; however, our data suggest it is unlikely that Hawaii and the British Isles are sources of the major E. postvittana population found throughout the rest of the state since 2006.

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“…Epiphyas postvittana (Walker), lightbrown apple moth (LBAM), is a member of the tortricid leafroller complex and is found in New Zealand (Suckling et al, 1998), the British Isles, Hawaii and California (Varela et al, 2008). LBAM damages foliage, buds, shoots and fruit of horticultural crops and is a quarantine pest with zero tolerance towards infestation or damage by larvae in exported fruit, thus creating an economic impact for New Zealand and other countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%