“…Due to the complicated behavior of gravitational interaction in general relativity and its extended formulations, it is often a challenging task to calculate the deflection angle in full generality and such calculations may be categorized into two types: explicit and implicit. Explicit calculations [9,11,15,16,19,24,27,28,31,33,34,48,50,57,66] involve evaluating some complicated integrals often representable in terms of special functions (e.g., elliptic functions). Implicit calculations [3][4][5][6]8,29,32,38,49,51] amount to finding solutions to some complicated nonlinear equations.…”