Light and scanning electron microscopic features of the tongue in cattle egret

2020

Anat Histol Embryol

The present study was carried out on the oropharyngeal cavity of the hooded crow to investigate the gross and microscopic structures via gross anatomy, light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The gross anatomy clarified the elongated triangular shape of the oropharyngeal cavity with a non‐protruding tongue with a bifid apex. The lingual body contained median groove rostrally and separated caudally from the root by a transverse papillary crest. The laryngeal mound located posterior to the lingual root, contained midline laryngeal cleft and bounded caudally by a transverse row of pharyngeal papillae. The palate contained choanal cleft rostrally and infundibular slit caudally in addition to five palatine ridges. By light microscopy, the dorsal lingual epithelium was highly keratinised stratified squamous with a lingual nail in the most rostral part of the apex. Then, the thickness of the keratin layer decreased caudally, while in the ventral surface, the lining epithelium became non‐keratinised. The entoglossum supported the lingual body and root, but not extended to the apex. The lining epithelium of the palate was also keratinised stratified squamous and became none‐keratinised at the oral side of the choanal cleft. There were numerous lobules of polystomatic salivary glands in the lingual root and the palate. SEM revealed the arrangement of different types of papillae covering both the floor and the roof of the oropharynx besides numerous openings of salivary glands in the lingual root, laryngeal mound and the palate. These findings reflect the functional relationship of the oropharyngeal cavity of the hooded crow during feeding.

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Gross morphological, histological and scanning electron specifications of the oropharyngeal cavity of the hooded crow (Corvus cornix pallescens)

Gewaily

2020

Anat Histol Embryol

“…The current work noted the presence of only one transverse papillary row, similar observation observed by Abumandour and El‐Bakary (, , )), but the two transverse papillary row noted by Abumandour (), Abumandour and El‐Bakary (), Parchami et al (), Skieresz‐Szewczyk and Jackowiak (). Also, there are some variations in the appearance of the lingual papillary crest as in the present study, the papillary crest take the transverse appearance, similar to that reported in goose (Iwasaki et al, ) and coot (Abumandour & El‐Bakary, ), while the famous appearance of the papillary crest in the most avian species is the V‐shape as reported by Abumandour (, ), El Bakary (), and Parchami et al () while, it take the W‐shaped in the hoopoe (El‐Bakary, ), but it take a U‐shaped appearance in the cattle egret (Al‐Ahmady Al‐Zahaby, ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The focused point for the most researchers is the studying the morphological appearance of the tongue and their adaptation with the different feeding styles (Abumandour & El‐Bakary, ; Al‐Ahmady Al‐Zahaby, ; Jackowiak, Andrzejewski, & Godynicki, ; Pasand, Tadjalli, & Mansouri, ). Recently, there are some morphological articles designed to study the morphological characterization of the oropharyngeal cavity (tongue, laryngeal mound, and the palate) and its adaptations with the feeding behavior and the available food materials (Abumandour, ; Abumandour & El‐Bakary, ; Abumandour & Gewaily, ; Kobayashi, Kumakura, Yoshimura, Inatomi, & Asami, ; Santos et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface ultrastructural descriptions of the oropharyngeal cavity of Anas querquedula

Microscopy Res & Technique

Bassuoni

Hanafy

2019

The current work considers the first anatomical description of oropharyngeal cavity of Garganey, which was performed on eight heads with the help of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The round apex of elongated tongue has anterior spatula‐like named lingual nail. SEM of dorsal surface of lingual nail carry microtubercles and micropores on its rostral part, while its caudal part carry numerous microridges and micropores, while lateral apical surface only without lingual nail carrying filiform papillae, but its ventral surface carry exfoliated scales‐like projections. Lateral lingual tip carries numerous laterally directed hairs‐like structures. Rostral part of body carry region of small conical papillae in between them small hairs‐like papillae on its lateral surface. Middle part of body carry lingual comb on its dorsal surface, while its lateral surfaces carry region of small conical papillae in between them hairs‐like papillae in addition to filiform papillae, and large conical with small filiform papillae begin to appear laterally to the heads of lingual comb. Lateral surface of lingual prominence carry region of large conical and small filiform papillae on its rostral part, while its caudal part occupied by laterally situated spinated border from the root. Lingual root has two triangular smooth middle and spinated lateral and caudal. Laryngeal entrance divided into papillary and nonpapillary regions. Roof of oropharyngeal cavity divided into lamellar and papillary regions. Choanal cleft divided into rostral narrow ¼ and wide caudal ¾ parts. In conclusion, feeding process depend on the filter feeding mechanism that performed by the help of lateral situated papillae with lingual prominence.

Age‐related ultrastructural features of the tongue of the rock pigeon Columba livia dakhlae in different three age stages (young, mature, and adult) captured from Egypt

Microscopy Res & Technique

Kandyel

2019

This study represents the first attempt to describe the ultra‐structural and histological features of different three age‐stages (young, mature, and adult) of rock pigeon Columba livia dakhlae captured from Egypt. The elongated tongue with round lingual apex carried a lingual nail rostrally on lingual tip. The current work gave a first record of numerous descriptions as in young and mature, small lingual nail formed from aggregation of lingual scales, but in adult, the nail formed from lingual membrane without any lingual scales. The current work gave full descriptive methods of shape, directions, and distribution of filiform‐like papillae with lingual scales among three age‐stages on dorsal surface and lateral border of apex and body. The taste buds present only on the tongue of mature and adult pigeon. The only one transverse row in young took the wide V‐shape but, wide U‐shape in mature and adult. The papillae on the papillary crest took triangular spoonful‐like shape in young and mature, but in adult take the shape of blunt tubercles. The current work was the first record of the presence of the openings of lingual glands on concave dorsal lingual surface of giant papillae and papillae of papillary crest in adult stage. The lingual membrane was thin one membrane in young and three to four layers in mature but, in adult it is well‐developed and formed from 10–11 layers. The supportive entoglossum cartilaginous was extended rostrally till the apical part.