Ligand dependent oxidation dictates the performance evolution of high efficiency PbS quantum dot solar cells

Becker‐Koch, David; Albaladejo‐Siguan, Miguel; Lami, Vincent; Paulus, Fabian; Xiang, Hengyang; Chen, Zhuoying; Vaynzof, Yana

doi:10.1039/c9se00602h

Cited by 31 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In PbS-based QDSCs, it has been found that the thin layer of PbO created upon initial air exposure helps in slowing down the initial degradation or even shortly improving device performance. [35,32] This thin PbO shell blocks pathways for bimolecular recombination and leakage currents, while influencing the QD energy levels. [35,36,37] Conversely, this initial oxidation-assisted performance improvement has not been observed in PbSe devices.…”

Section: Seo 2 and Seomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[35,32] This thin PbO shell blocks pathways for bimolecular recombination and leakage currents, while influencing the QD energy levels. [35,36,37] Conversely, this initial oxidation-assisted performance improvement has not been observed in PbSe devices. Since PbSe is much more sensitive to oxygen than PbS, this observation is not too surprising-it is likely that PbSe oxidation occurs too rapidly for any initial enhancement to be measurable.…”

Section: Seo 2 and Seomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The OH − groups can sterically block O 2 molecules and temporarily slow down the oxidation. [35,40,41] Light exposure is another ambient effect, which is known to accelerate the loss of performance over time in PbX QDSCs. Interestingly, it has been found that light-induced degradation of solar cells can be reversed by storing them in the dark.…”

Section: Seo 2 and Seomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The improvement in performance also stems from an energy level interplay between the active layer and the EDT-PbS layer. [35] It has been shown that the respective energy levels shift under oxidation, which happens at unequal rates due to the different ligands used in each layer. [29,35,72] Additionally, the bandgap of the QD film increases with progressing oxidation, due to the quantum confinement effect.…”

Section: Degradation Of Charge Extraction Layers In Solar Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stability of Quantum Dot Solar Cells: A Matter of (Life)Time

Albaladejo‐Siguan

Baird

Becker‐Koch

et al. 2021

Advanced Energy Materials

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Section: Seo 2 and Seomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Seo 2 and Seomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Seo 2 and Seomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Degradation Of Charge Extraction Layers In Solar Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Stability of Quantum Dot Solar Cells: A Matter of (Life)Time

Albaladejo‐Siguan

Baird

Becker‐Koch

et al. 2021

Advanced Energy Materials

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“…PbS colloidal quantum dot (CQD) solar cells have been rapidly developed in recent years with a certified power conversion efficiency (PCE) up to 13% in an optimal device configuration [ 1 , 2 ]. Compared to traditional photovoltaic technology, PbS CQD solar cells show great potential applications in energy products in view of their low cost, low temperature, and simple solution processing techniques [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. More importantly, the bandgap of PbS CQDs can be easily controlled by varying the size of the CQDs, which enables efficient harvesting of a broad light spectrum from the visible to infrared region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient PbS Quantum Dot Solar Cells with Both Mg-Doped ZnO Window Layer and ZnO Nanocrystal Interface Passivation Layer

Ren

Pan

et al. 2021

Nanomaterials

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In this paper, a Mg-doped ZnO (MZO) thin film is prepared by a simple solution process under ambient conditions and is used as the window layer for PbS solar cells due to a wide n-type bandgap. Moreover, a thin layer of ZnO nanocrystals (NCs) was deposited on the MZO to reduce carrier recombination at the interface for inverted PbS quantum dot solar cells with the configuration Indium Tin Oxides (ITO)/MZO/ZnO NC (w/o)/PbS/Au. The effect of film thickness and annealing temperature of MZO and ZnO NC on the performance of PbS quantum dot solar cells was investigated in detail. It was found that without the ZnO NC thin layer, the highest power conversion efficiency(PCE) of 5.52% was obtained in the case of a device with an MZO thickness of 50 nm. When a thin layer of ZnO NC was introduced between MZO and PbS quantum dot film, the PCE of the champion device was greatly improved to 7.06% due to the decreased interface recombination. The usage of the MZO buffer layer along with the ZnO NC interface passivation technique is expected to further improve the performance of quantum dot solar cells.

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Anchoring Cs₄PbBr₆ Crystals to PbSe Nanocrystals for the Fabrication of UV/VIS/NIR Photodetectors Using Halide Surface Chemistry

Ahn

Jung

Kim

et al. 2022

Advanced Optical Materials

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surface-to-volume ratio of NCs induces many deep trap states, degrading the performance of photo voltaics. Therefore, passivation strategies for PbE NCs have been developed with post-synthetic surface modifications for device applications [7] including solar cells, [8] transistors, [9,10] and photodetectors. [11][12][13] PbE NC-based devices have been constrained by their high surface reactivity, which makes them susceptible to spontaneous chemical reactions. [14] This vulnerability induces surface oxidation and sintering with nearby NCs, resulting in the formation of surface trap states and a reduction in the confinement effect, invariably distorting the physical properties of the device and degrading its performance. [15,16] Representatively, oxides such as PbEO 3 and PbEO 4 can be generated on the chalcogen-atom surfaces, altering the carrier density and resulting in low photoresponsivity. [17] Post-chemical-treatment methods have been developed with chalcogenides (S 2− and Se 2− ), halides (Cl − , Br − , and I − ), and pseudohalides to improve the oxidation-resistivity and responsitivity. [18][19][20][21] However, the performance of these applications is still limited because of insufficient passivation.NC-in-matrix solid structure, where NCs were surrounded by matrix materials, reported high stability from sintering or agglomerating when exposed to external stimuli such as high temperatures or chemicals. [22] Among the various matrix materials, the metal halide perovskite has emerged as an attractive candidate in the optic-and optoelectronic fields. [23,24] Owing to their strong light absorption, high carrier mobility, large carrier-diffusion length, and high thermal/oxidation stability, metal halide perovskites mounted on PbE NC surfaces can effectively improve photoresponsivity and stability. [25][26][27][28] Indeed, Liu et al. engineered thermally stable PbS-CsPbBr 3 perovskite matrix structures that maintain their cubic phase for 5 h in 473 K, [29] and Fan et al. reported highly stable, photoresponsive PbSe-CsPbBr 3 perovskite wire heterostructures. [30] However, despite the fact that the surface states of 0D materials, such as quantum dots and NCs, are closely related to the chemical reactions of nucleation and growth, very few studies on the interaction between the surface chemistry of PbE NCs Nanocrystal (NC)-in-matrix solids are currently attracting considerable research attention in the fields of materials science and engineering owing to their unique optoelectronic characteristics and high stability. However, the interaction between the NC surface and the matrix has been veiled and induces interface defect states that degrade the performance of photovoltaics. In this study, the effect of halide ligands on the formation of a Cs 4 PbBr 6 (CPB) crystal matrix by determining the surfaces of PbSe NCs is investigated. The surface of the PbSe NCs is passivated with halide ions (Cl − , Br − , or I − ), and the CPB crystal matrix is formed via PbBr 2 /CsBr treatment onto the PbSe NCs. The effects of differe...

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Ligand dependent oxidation dictates the performance evolution of high efficiency PbS quantum dot solar cells

Abstract: The stability of lead sulfide (PbS) quantum dots (QD) under continuous illumination in oxygenated environments depends on the choice of ligands, determining the evolution of photovoltaic performance of high efficiency PbS QD solar cells.

Cited by 31 publications

References 42 publications

Stability of Quantum Dot Solar Cells: A Matter of (Life)Time

Stability of Quantum Dot Solar Cells: A Matter of (Life)Time

Efficient PbS Quantum Dot Solar Cells with Both Mg-Doped ZnO Window Layer and ZnO Nanocrystal Interface Passivation Layer

Anchoring Cs₄PbBr₆ Crystals to PbSe Nanocrystals for the Fabrication of UV/VIS/NIR Photodetectors Using Halide Surface Chemistry

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Ligand dependent oxidation dictates the performance evolution of high efficiency PbS quantum dot solar cells

Abstract: The stability of lead sulfide (PbS) quantum dots (QD) under continuous illumination in oxygenated environments depends on the choice of ligands, determining the evolution of photovoltaic performance of high efficiency PbS QD solar cells.

Cited by 31 publications

References 42 publications

Stability of Quantum Dot Solar Cells: A Matter of (Life)Time

Stability of Quantum Dot Solar Cells: A Matter of (Life)Time

Efficient PbS Quantum Dot Solar Cells with Both Mg-Doped ZnO Window Layer and ZnO Nanocrystal Interface Passivation Layer

Anchoring Cs4PbBr6 Crystals to PbSe Nanocrystals for the Fabrication of UV/VIS/NIR Photodetectors Using Halide Surface Chemistry

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Anchoring Cs₄PbBr₆ Crystals to PbSe Nanocrystals for the Fabrication of UV/VIS/NIR Photodetectors Using Halide Surface Chemistry