Ligament tissue engineering: An evolutionary materials science approach

Laurencin, Cato T.; Freeman, Joseph W.

doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.05.073

Cited by 280 publications

(254 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Although the initial strength is satisfactory with this technique, donor site morbidity, loss of structural integrity with time, and unfavorable immunogenic response when allograft tendons are used make this strategy less than ideal. 31,32 Therefore, there has been a focus to create a neoligament with stable initial biomechanical properties that overtime will resemble the native ligament. Three main tissue-engineering strategies have been employed: (1) decellularized allograft, (2) natural polymer, or (3) synthetic polymer scaffold.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ligament Tissue Engineering Using a Novel Porous Polycaprolactone Fumarate Scaffold and Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Grown in Platelet Lysate

Wagner

Bravo

Dadsetan

et al. 2015

Tissue Engineering Part A

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Purpose: Surgical reconstruction of intra-articular ligament injuries is hampered by the poor regenerative potential of the tissue. We hypothesized that a novel composite polymer ''neoligament'' seeded with progenitor cells and growth factors would be effective in regenerating native ligamentous tissue. Methods: We synthesized a fumarate-derivative of polycaprolactone fumarate (PCLF) to create macro-porous scaffolds to allow cell-cell communication and nutrient flow. Clinical grade human adipose tissue-derived human mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) were cultured in 5% human platelet lysate (PL) and seeded on scaffolds using a dynamic bioreactor. Cell growth, viability, and differentiation were examined using metabolic assays and immunostaining for ligament-related markers (e.g., glycosaminoglycans [GAGs], alkaline phosphatase [ALP], collagens, and tenascin-C). Results: AMSCs seeded on three-dimensional (3D) PCLF scaffolds remain viable for at least 2 weeks with proliferating cells filling the pores. AMSC proliferation rates increased in PL compared to fetal bovine serum (FBS) ( p < 0.05). Cells had a low baseline expression of ALP and GAG, but increased expression of total collagen when induced by the ligament and tenogenic growth factor fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2), especially when cultured in the presence of PL ( p < 0.01) instead of FBS ( p < 0.05). FGF-2 and PL also significantly increased immunostaining of tenascin-C and collagen at 2 and 4 weeks compared with human fibroblasts. Summary: Our results demonstrate that AMSCs proliferate and eventually produce a collagen-rich extracellular matrix on porous PCLF scaffolds. This novel scaffold has potential in stem cell engineering and ligament regeneration.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ligament Tissue Engineering Using a Novel Porous Polycaprolactone Fumarate Scaffold and Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Grown in Platelet Lysate

Wagner

Bravo

Dadsetan

et al. 2015

Tissue Engineering Part A

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“…In contrast to the ACL, the MCL which is extrasynovial can self heal spontaneously because it has a greater vascularisation and receives more blood (Carpenter and Hankenson 2004). After injury, those ligaments which are well vascularized have three stages of healing; inflammation, cellular proliferation and migration, ECM repair and finally ECM remodelling (Laurencin and Freeman 2005). Generally, these stages promote fibroblast proliferation.…”

Section: Injuries Sustained and Healing Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Poly desamino-tyrosine ethyl carbonate scaffolds have proved to be successful in supporting fibroblast growth while possessing the necessary strength for use as an ACL graft (Laurencin and Freeman 2005). Composites (consisting of more than one type of material) have also been constructed and analysed.…”

Section: Biomaterials Suitable For Ligament Tissue Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue Engineering for Tissue and Organ Regeneration

Eberli¹

2011

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“…[1][2][3][4] Typically, studies in tissue engineering are carried out in separate steps that involve fabricating a biocompatible scaffold capable of supporting cell growth (i.e., an artificial extracellular matrix), seeding living cells onto the scaffold, culturing the cell-seeded scaffold in a bioreactor, and then surgically implanting the preconditioned construct into a living animal to replace the damaged tissue or organ. [5][6][7] Successful maturation of bioengineered tissues is a highly complex and dynamic process that involves extensive interactions among multiple cell types and their surrounding extracellular environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scanning-fiber-based imaging method for tissue engineering

et al. 2012

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A scanning-fiber-based method developed for imaging bioengineered tissue constructs such as synthetic carotid arteries is reported. Our approach is based on directly embedding one or more hollow-core silica fibers within the tissue scaffold to function as micro-imaging channels (MIC). The imaging process is carried out by translating and rotating an angle-polished fiber micro-mirror within the MIC to scan excitation light across the tissue scaffold. The locally emitted fluorescent signals are captured using an electron multiplying CCD camera and then mapped into fluorophore distributions according to fiber micro-mirror positions. Using an optical phantom composed of fluorescent microspheres, tissue scaffolds, and porcine skin, we demonstrated single-cell-level imaging resolution (20 to 30 μm) at an imaging depth that exceeds the photon transport mean free path by one order of magnitude. This result suggests that the imaging depth is no longer constrained by photon scattering, but rather by the requirement that the fluorophore signal overcomes the background "noise" generated by processes such as scaffold autofluorescence. Finally, we demonstrated the compatibility of our imaging method with tissue engineering by visualizing endothelial cells labeled with green fluorescent protein through a ∼500 μm thick and highly scattering electrospun scaffold.

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Ligament tissue engineering: An evolutionary materials science approach

Cited by 280 publications

References 27 publications

Ligament Tissue Engineering Using a Novel Porous Polycaprolactone Fumarate Scaffold and Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Grown in Platelet Lysate

Ligament Tissue Engineering Using a Novel Porous Polycaprolactone Fumarate Scaffold and Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Grown in Platelet Lysate

Tissue Engineering for Tissue and Organ Regeneration

Scanning-fiber-based imaging method for tissue engineering

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