Lifetime Prevalence and Age-of-Onset Distributions of DSM-IV Disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication

Kessler, Ronald C.; Berglund, Patricia A.; Demler, Olga V.; Jin, Robert; Merikangas, Kathleen R.; Walters, Ellen E.

doi:10.1001/archpsyc.62.6.593

Cited by 15,873 publications

(11,233 citation statements)

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“…Finally, reverse causation problems, which commonly arise in research involving psychological predictors, were likely minimized by the design of the study. Phobic anxiety is relatively unique as a predictor because of its young onset and persistence through life; overall median age-of-onset for phobic disorders is <12 years(14). Thus, mid-life phobic anxiety levels in our participants likely reflected symptoms that had been present for decades, reducing concerns of possible reverse causation (i.e., cognitive impairment led to increased anxiety).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phobic anxiety has been associated with higher levels of inflammatory mediators implicated in development of cognitive impairment(9–11); it has also been related to incidence of major vascular disease(12) – itself linked to late-life cognitive dysfunction(13). Furthermore, a methodologic advantage of addressing phobic anxiety is that phobic symptoms tend to have earlier onset and persistent course(14); thus, there are fewer concerns of potential reverse causation than may occur when addressing associations between other mental health exposures (e.g., depression) and cognition. Therefore, in this prospective study of over 16,000 participants we examined relations of mid-life phobic anxiety to performance on serial assessments of late-life cognition that began 10 years later.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phobic Anxiety and Cognitive Performance Over 4 Years Among Community-Dwelling Older Women in the Nurses' Health Study

Okereke

Grodstein

2013

The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry

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Objective To examine the relation of phobic anxiety to late-life cognitive trajectory. Design Prospective cohort. Setting Nurses’ Health Study – U.S. registered nurses. Participants 16,351 women among whom phobic anxiety symptoms were assessed in 1988 (mean age=63 years). Measurements Beginning a decade after phobic anxiety ascertainment (mean age=74 years), three assessments of general cognition, word and paragraph immediate and delayed recall, category fluency, and attention/working memory were administered over an average of 4.4 years; global cognitive and verbal memory composite scores were generated from the component tests. General linear models of response profiles were used to evaluate relations of phobic anxiety to initial cognitive performance and subsequent change. Results Higher phobic anxiety was associated with poorer initial performance: e.g., comparing women with the highest anxiety to those with no/minimal symptoms, the multivariate-adjusted mean difference (95% confidence interval) in scores was −0.10 (−0.13,−0.06) standard units for the global score summarizing all tests, and −0.08 (−0.11,−0.04) standard units for verbal memory (summarizing 4 word- and paragraph-recall tasks). Mean differences between extreme categories of phobic anxiety were equal to those for participants aged 1.5–2 years apart: i.e., cognitively equivalent to being about two years older. There were no relations of phobic anxiety to subsequent cognitive change. Conclusions Higher mid-life phobic anxiety was related to worse later-life overall cognition and verbal memory. Yet, profiles of poorer cognition with higher anxiety remained parallel over time, suggesting phobic anxiety may impose impact on cognition earlier in life, rather than ongoing impact in later-life.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phobic Anxiety and Cognitive Performance Over 4 Years Among Community-Dwelling Older Women in the Nurses' Health Study

Okereke

Grodstein

2013

The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry

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“…These anxiety-related disorders are associated with a diminished sense of well-being, elevated rates of unemployment and relationship breakdown, and elevated suicide risk [1][2][3]. Together, they have a lifetime prevalence in the USA of 29 % [4], the highest of any mental disorder, and constitute an immense social and economic burden [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabidiol as a Potential Treatment for Anxiety Disorders

et al. 2015

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Cannabidiol (CBD), a Cannabis sativa constituent, is a pharmacologically broad-spectrum drug that in recent years has drawn increasing interest as a treatment for a range of neuropsychiatric disorders. The purpose of the current review is to determine CBD's potential as a treatment for anxiety-related disorders, by assessing evidence from preclinical, human experimental, clinical, and epidemiological studies. We found that existing preclinical evidence strongly supports CBD as a treatment for generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder when administered acutely; however, few studies have investigated chronic CBD dosing. Likewise, evidence from human studies supports an anxiolytic role of CBD, but is currently limited to acute dosing, also with few studies in clinical populations. Overall, current evidence indicates CBD has considerable potential as a treatment for multiple anxiety disorders, with need for further study of chronic and therapeutic effects in relevant clinical populations.

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“…Anxiety and depression are common disorders in the United States, with a lifetime risk of 29% and 17%, respectively 1. Affected individuals are at increased risk of cardiovascular events and death 2, 3, 4.…”

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confidence: 99%

Anxiety, Depression, and Adverse Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Starting Warfarin: Cardiovascular Research Network WAVE Study

Baumgartner

Fan

Fang

et al. 2018

JAHA

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BackgroundAnxiety and depression are associated with worse outcomes in several cardiovascular conditions, but it is unclear whether they affect outcomes in atrial fibrillation (AF). In a large diverse population of adults with AF, we evaluated the association of diagnosed anxiety and/or depression with stroke and bleeding outcomes.Methods and ResultsThe Cardiovascular Research Network WAVE (Community‐Based Control and Persistence of Warfarin Therapy and Associated Rates and Predictors of Adverse Clinical Events in Atrial Fibrillation and Venous Thromboembolism) Study included adults with AF newly starting warfarin between 2004 and 2007 within 5 health delivery systems in the United States. Diagnosed anxiety and depression and other patient characteristics were identified from electronic health records. We identified stroke and bleeding outcomes from hospitalization databases using validated International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD‐9), codes. We used multivariable Cox regression to assess the relation between anxiety and/or depression with outcomes after adjustment for stroke and bleeding risk factors. In 25 570 adults with AF initiating warfarin, 490 had an ischemic stroke or intracranial hemorrhage (1.52 events per 100 person‐years). In multivariable analyses, diagnosed anxiety was associated with a higher adjusted rate of combined ischemic stroke and intracranial hemorrhage (hazard ratio, 1.52; 95% confidence interval, 1.01–2.28). Results were not materially changed after additional adjustment for patient‐level percentage of time in therapeutic anticoagulation range on warfarin (hazard ratio, 1.56; 95% confidence interval, 1.03–2.36). In contrast, neither isolated depression nor combined depression and anxiety were significantly associated with outcomes.ConclusionsDiagnosed anxiety was independently associated with increased risk of combined ischemic stroke and intracranial hemorrhage in adults with AF initiating warfarin that was not explained by differences in risk factors or achieved anticoagulation quality.

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Lifetime Prevalence and Age-of-Onset Distributions of DSM-IV Disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication

Abstract: About half of Americans will meet the criteria for a DSM-IV disorder sometime in their life, with first onset usually in childhood or adolescence. Interventions aimed at prevention or early treatment need to focus on youth.

Cited by 15,873 publications

References 43 publications

Phobic Anxiety and Cognitive Performance Over 4 Years Among Community-Dwelling Older Women in the Nurses' Health Study

Phobic Anxiety and Cognitive Performance Over 4 Years Among Community-Dwelling Older Women in the Nurses' Health Study

Cannabidiol as a Potential Treatment for Anxiety Disorders

Anxiety, Depression, and Adverse Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Starting Warfarin: Cardiovascular Research Network WAVE Study

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