Lifetime and quantum efficiency advances in self-healing controlled porosity reservoir photocathodes

Montgomery, Eric; Riddick, Blake; Feldman, D. W.; Boldin, Alexandra; Ives, R. Lawrence; Falce, Lou

doi:10.1109/ivec.2014.6857524

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 3 publications

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“…In general, due to having a lower melting point (i.e., 28.44 • C) and high vapor pressure [29], a part of the Cs atoms that were deposited on the sample (where the temperature is around 90-110 • C) should have been prone to evaporate. Such a loss of Cs atoms due to evaporation over the substrate temperature of 50 • C was previously reported for K 2 CsSb and Cs 3 Sb photocathodes [30,31]. As a consequence of such evaporation, a temperature-sensitive surface layer may have been formed near the subsurface region of the films during the deposition, which caused a balance between the adsorption (inward cesium being distributed and diffused) and desorption (evaporated cesium from the surface) of cesium atoms near the surface.…”

Section: K-cs-sb Structuresupporting

confidence: 69%

Development and Characterization of Multi-Alkali Antimonide Photocathodes for High-Brightness RF Photoinjectors

et al. 2023

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Due to their excellent photoemissive properties, especially low thermal emittance and high sensitivity in the green wavelength, multi-alkali antimonide photocathodes, in particular, cesium–potassium–antimonide, emerged as prominent photoemissive materials for the electron sources of high-repetition-rate FEL applications. To explore its feasibility of operating in a high-gradient RF gun, DESY collaborated with INFN LASA to develop multi-alkali photocathode materials. In this report, we describe the recipe of K-Cs-Sb photocathodes, which were grown on a Mo substrate by varying the foundational Sb layer thickness using sequential deposition techniques. This report also illustrates the information regarding the film thickness, substrate temperature, deposition rate, and its possible effects on the photocathode’s properties. In addition, the influence of temperature on the cathode degradation is also summarized. Furthermore, in the framework of density functional theory (DFT), we investigated the electronic and optical properties of the K₂CsSb material. The optical properties, such as dielectric function, reflectivity, refracting index, and extinction coefficient, were evaluated. The correlation between the calculated and measured optical properties, such as reflectivity, provides a better and more efficient strategy to rationalize and understand the photoemissive material’s properties.

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Section: K-cs-sb Structuresupporting

confidence: 69%