Lifelong Aerobic Exercise Reduces the Stress Response in Rats

Pietrelli, Adriana; Nardo, Matteo Di; Masucci, A.; Brusco, Alicia; Basso, Nidia; Matkovic, Laura Beatriz

doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.02.019

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The postulated mechanism for the way AASs affects HPA axis includes the alteration in 5α reductase activity in the brain tissue as a potential modulatory mechanism in the neuroendocrine stress response (Handa et al, 2013). Previous reports showed that prolonged swimming protocol did not affect levels of HPA axis serum markers, which is in line with the results obtained in the study, while brain corticosterone and CRF levels were augmented (Pietrelli et al, 2018). Furthermore, altered levels of corticosterone following long-term exercise significantly elevated plasma corticosterone levels in mice immediately after stress induction (Droste et al, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Exercise Attenuates Anabolic Steroids-Induced Anxiety via Hippocampal NPY and MC4 Receptor in Rats

et al. 2019

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The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of chronic administration of nandrolone-decanoate (ND) or testosterone-enanthate (TE) in supraphysiological doses and a prolonged swimming protocol, alone and in combination with ND or TE, on anxiety-like behavior in rats. We investigated the immunohistochemical alterations of the hippocampal neuropeptide Y (NPY) and melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) neurons, as a possible underlying mechanism in a modulation of anxiety-like behavior in rats. Both applied anabolic androgenic steroids (AASs) induced anxiogenic effect accompanied with decreased serum and hippocampal NPY. The exercise-induced anxiolytic effect was associated with increased hippocampal NPY expression. ND and TE increased the number of MC4R, while the swimming protocol was followed by the reduction of MC4R in the CA1 region of the hippocampus. However, NPY/MC4R ratio in hippocampus was lowered by AASs and elevated by exercise in all hippocampal regions. An augmentation of this ratio strongly and positively correlated to increased time in open arms of elevated plus maze, in the context that indicates anxiolytic effect. Our findings support the conclusion that alterations in both hippocampal NPY and MC4R expression are involved in anxiety level changes in rats, while their quantitative relationship (NPY/MC4R ratio) is even more valuable in the estimation of anxiety regulation than individual alterations for both NPY and MC4R expression in the hippocampus.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Exercise Attenuates Anabolic Steroids-Induced Anxiety via Hippocampal NPY and MC4 Receptor in Rats

et al. 2019

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“…Studies of human subjects and animal models suggest that neuronal hyperexcitability in AD occurs early in the disease process, prior to the degeneration and death of neurons in the affected neuronal networks 34,36,53,54 . Previous findings suggest a role for reduced GABAergic synaptic activity in the hyperexcitability of vulnerable neuronal networks in AD 55,56 , and treatment with GABA receptor agonists can restore synaptic plasticity and cognitive function in mouse models of AD 57,58 . We found that IF suppresses the development of seizures, enhances hippocampal synaptic plasticity, and ameliorates spatial learning and memory deficits in App NL-G-F mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

SIRT3 mediates hippocampal synaptic adaptations to intermittent fasting and ameliorates deficits in APP mutant mice

et al. 2019

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Intermittent food deprivation (fasting, IF) improves mood and cognition and protects neurons against excitotoxic degeneration in animal models of epilepsy and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The mechanisms by which neuronal networks adapt to IF and how such adaptations impact neuropathological processes are unknown. We show that hippocampal neuronal networks adapt to IF by enhancing GABAergic tone, which is associated with reduced anxiety-like behaviors and improved hippocampus-dependent memory. These neuronal network and behavioral adaptations require the mitochondrial protein deacetylase SIRT3 as they are abolished in SIRT3-deficient mice and wild type mice in which SIRT3 is selectively depleted from hippocampal neurons. In the App NL-G-F mouse model of AD, IF reduces neuronal network hyperexcitability and ameliorates deficits in hippocampal synaptic plasticity in a SIRT3-dependent manner. These findings demonstrate a role for a mitochondrial protein deacetylase in hippocampal neurons in behavioral and GABAergic synaptic adaptations to IF.

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“…Research on the HPA and SAA activity in response to human physiological stress is on the rise and it is generally expected that there is a symmetry between the structure of the HPA and SAA (4). When a person is exposed to psychological stress and exercise-induced stress, a chain of reactions occurs involving the responses of the SAA and HPA (5). The HPA is activated to regulate the active, metabolic, and immune processes in response to the body stress.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Exercise with Mental Stress on Cortisol and Alpha-Amylase Changes in Young Men

Ameri

Ghazalian

Shakeri

et al. 2019

Middle East J Rehabil Health Stud

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Background: Physiological stress due to physical activity associated with mental stress can affect the responses of the sympathoadrenal axis and the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of exercise with mental stress on cortisol and alpha-amylase changes in young men. Methods: In a quasi-experimental study, 20 inactive healthy men were randomly selected and divided into two groups of exercise and exercise with mental stress. The exercise group pedaled on a fixed bike at an intensity of 60% of maximal aerobic power for 37 minutes and the exercise group with mental stress received 20 minutes of mental stress (from 12th minutes to 32nd minutes) during the 37 minutes of pedaling. Salivary samples were collected before and immediately after the end of the exercise. Results: The exercise had a significant effect on increasing salivary cortisol (P = 0.007) and alpha-amylase (P = 0.01). Exercise with mental stress had a significant effect on salivary cortisol (P = 0.004) and alpha-amylase (P = 0.04). The exercise and exercise with mental stress had the same effects on increasing salivary cortisol (P = 0.42) and alpha-amylase (P = 0.83). Conclusions: It seems that exercise and exercise with mental stress have the same effects on increasing salivary cortisol and alphaamylase levels.

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Lifelong Aerobic Exercise Reduces the Stress Response in Rats

Cited by 26 publications

References 41 publications

Exercise Attenuates Anabolic Steroids-Induced Anxiety via Hippocampal NPY and MC4 Receptor in Rats

Exercise Attenuates Anabolic Steroids-Induced Anxiety via Hippocampal NPY and MC4 Receptor in Rats

SIRT3 mediates hippocampal synaptic adaptations to intermittent fasting and ameliorates deficits in APP mutant mice

Effect of Exercise with Mental Stress on Cortisol and Alpha-Amylase Changes in Young Men

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