Life Strategies of Aquatic Soft Bottom Macrophytes

Kautsky, Lena

doi:10.2307/3565672

Cited by 159 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…deep water or low-nutrient sediments) may inhibit growth and limit the lateral spread of this species (Kautsky 1988. In high-nutrient sediments, M. spicatum tended to produce more and longer branches and taller shoots, a pattern that is consistent with that observed for most herbaceous terrestrial plants (Bonser & Aarssen 2003) and other freshwater macrophytes (Barko & Smart 1986, Xie et al 2010, Wersal & Madsen 2011).…”

Section: Auto-fragment Productionsupporting

confidence: 62%

“…If sediment nutrients were highly available, a greater production of shoot biomass (to capture more light resources) was expected ('competitive strategy, ' Kautsky 1988, Murphy et al 1990, Grime 2001. In contrast, under low-nutrient conditions, shoot development was constrained because a greater proportion of the biomass was allocated to the root system to increase nu trient acquisition (Xie et al 2007, Wang et al 2009).…”

Section: Auto-fragment Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Growth response of the submerged macrophyte Myriophyllum spicatum to sediment nutrient levels and water-level fluctuations

Cao¹,

Wang²,

ZunLing³

2012

Aquat. Biol.

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Sediment nutrient levels and water-level fluctuations are important factors that affect the development and growth of submerged macrophytes; however, little is known about the adaptive responses of macrophytes to these factors. We conducted an experiment using the submerged macrophyte Myriophyllum spicatum L. grown under 2 sediment nutrient levels (high: 2.7 mg g −1 total nitrogen, TN; 1.5 mg g −1 total phosphorus, TP; low: 1.45 mg g −1 TN and 0.70 mg g −1 TP) and 3 amplitudes of water-level fluctuation (static, ± 50 cm, ±100 cm) in outdoor ponds. We hypothesized that increased nutrient supply would promote the growth of M. spicatum, which can acclimate to the negative effects of moderate water-level fluctuations. After 112 d of growth under high-nutrient conditions, the plants produced a greater shoot biomass (higher branch number and length), resulting in greater accumulation of total biomass. However, plant growth was inhibited by increasing the amplitude of the water-level fluctuations: at ±100 cm, the plants allocated more biomass to the roots and produced fewer and longer branches. Conversely, plant growth was promoted in the high-nutrient sediments at ± 50 cm amplitude. The production of auto-fragments was increased in the high-nutrient sediment but was significantly decreased by high water-level fluctuations. Thus, sediment nutrient levels and water-level fluctuations have strong interactive effects on the growth and reproduction of M. spicatum, and increased sediment nutrients in combination with moderate water level fluctuations facilitate nutrient acquisition, plant growth, and reproduction. Our study implies that moderate water-level fluctuations benefit the restoration of submerged macrophyte communities, particularly in high-nutrient habitats.

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Section: Auto-fragment Productionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: Auto-fragment Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth response of the submerged macrophyte Myriophyllum spicatum to sediment nutrient levels and water-level fluctuations

Cao¹,

Wang²,

ZunLing³

2012

Aquat. Biol.

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“…can develop normally only in clear water. C. demersum, M. spicatum and P. pectinatus are all highly competitive species with high production rates (Kautsky, 1988). Different responses to mechanical damage such as cutting by propellers may have contributed to the different trends in abundance of these species in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Effects of boating activities on aquatic vegetation in the Stockholm archipelago, Baltic Sea

Eriksson

Sandström

Isæus

et al. 2004

Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science

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“…This process of competitive exclusion does not explain why unpalatable species are less abundant in disturbed sites compared to others, but this pattern may be explained by the direct and ecological costs of anti-herbivore defenses (Strauss et al 2002). Actually, the synthesis of such defenses may be incompatible with the short development time and high reproductive investment required for the long-term persistence of plants in disturbed habitats (Kautsky 1988, Grime 2001). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such species are typically fast growing, allocate a large part of their resources to reproduction, and are favored by both high disturbance levels and high nutrient availability (i.e., ''ruderal'' species, sensu Grime [2001] and Kautsky [1988]). Microcosm experiments demonstrated that ruderal species are the most affected by the presence of herbivores (Fraser andGrime 1999, Buckland andGrime 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disturbances as a Structuring Factor of Plant Palatability in Aquatic Communities

Elger

Bornette

Barrat‐Segretain

et al. 2004

Ecology

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Abstract. Plant palatability plays an important part in the fitness of species and is therefore regarded as a key functional trait. The aim of this study was to relate the palatability of aquatic macrophytes to their distribution in riverine wetlands differing in their exposure to spate flood disturbances. Thirty-three former channels of the Rhô ne River Basin (eastern France) were characterized in terms of flood-disturbance level. Nutrient richness was also measured to eliminate its potential confounding effect. The coverage of 40 macrophyte species was recorded in these wetlands, and their palatability was assessed through laboratory feeding trials using a generalist consumer, the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis. The consumption rate of L. stagnalis ranged from 3.9 mg·g Ϫ1 ·d Ϫ1 (for Hottonia palustris) to 137.9 mg·g Ϫ1 ·d Ϫ1 (for Sagittaria sagittifolia) and was used as a palatability index. Plant palatability was unrelated to the nutrient richness of sites but was positively correlated with their flood-disturbance level. However, the strength of this correlation decreased as nutrient richness increased. These results suggest that spate floods promote functional diversity in riverine wetlands, allowing the persistence of the most palatable plant species otherwise eliminated by herbivores, especially in nutrient-poor habitats.

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Life Strategies of Aquatic Soft Bottom Macrophytes

Cited by 159 publications

References 36 publications

Growth response of the submerged macrophyte Myriophyllum spicatum to sediment nutrient levels and water-level fluctuations

Growth response of the submerged macrophyte Myriophyllum spicatum to sediment nutrient levels and water-level fluctuations

Effects of boating activities on aquatic vegetation in the Stockholm archipelago, Baltic Sea

Disturbances as a Structuring Factor of Plant Palatability in Aquatic Communities

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