Life satisfaction and longitudinal changes in physical activity, diabetes and obesity among patients with cardiovascular diseases

Abstract

BackgroundPatients with cardiovascular disease who underwent coronary angiography at the National Institute of Cardiac Surgery and Cardiological Intervention (INCCI) in Luxembourg were surveyed for cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) (hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, obesity, physical inactivity, tobacco consumption). In 2013/14, their life satisfaction (LS) was also assessed. Our aim was to analyse the relationships between LS on one hand and longitudinal changes in CVRF between 2008/09 and 2013/14 and socioeconomic factors on the other.Methods1289 patients completed a self-administered questionnaire. Life Satisfaction, originally recorded on a 1 to 10 scale of complete satisfaction was dichotomized into two groups: ≤ 7 and. >7. We then performed logistic multiple regressions. The event on which the probability was modelled, was LS > 7. Data were adjusted on age, sex and income. Longitudinal changes in CVRF were assessed by their presence or absence in 2008/09 and 2013/14 (categories: ‘no-no’; ‘no-yes’; ‘yes-no’; ‘yes-yes’).ResultsPhysical activity in 2008/09 and 2013/14 was associated with a lower LS (OR = 0.469). The same pattern was observed for obesity and physical inactivity: lower LS was related to the presence of these risks (yes-yes; no-yes) in 2013/14 (mean OR for obesity and physical inactivity in 2013/14: 0.587 and 0.485 respectively), whereas their presence or absence in 2008/09 was not related to LS. Finally, patients who suffered from diabetes in 2008 were more likely to experience a decline in LS, particularly if their diabetes was less severe in 2013/14 (OR = 0.462).ConclusionsThe lowest LS was observed when obesity or physical inactivity was present in 2013/14, newly or otherwise. The same trend was seen in diabetes among patients who had it in 2008/9, but were less severely affected in 2013/14. In secondary prevention, CVD-related upheavals could be minimised if professionals and patients became ‘Partners in Healthcare’ to better adhere to healthy lifestyles, as well as to reduce CVRF, and thereby enhance LS.

The Effect of Health Education by Pharmacists on 10-Year Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk: A Cluster-Randomized Control Study in a Low Socioeconomic Status Javanese Population

“…Exercise was significantly correlated to higher life satisfaction. 20 In this study, the exercise activity among the intervention subjects were likely related to the higher QoL particularly among the younger group. The finding was even superior to a previous study that demonstrated that the exercise improved only the physical function.…”

“…Diabetes has been associated with low life satisfaction. 20 The final number of subjects (n = 190) consisted of the intervention (n=82) and control (n = 108) groups. Furthermore, the subjects in each group were divided based on the ages of 40 to 55 and 56 to 70 years ( Figure 1 ).…”

Influence of Self-Efficacy and Motivation to Follow a Healthy Diet on Life Satisfaction of Patients with Cardiovascular Disease: A Longitudinal Study

“…In sum, the results suggest that patients with higher levels of self-efficacy would more likely be autonomously motivated to follow a healthy diet, that autonomously motivated patients are more likely to feel more satisfied with their lives, and that patients with higher levels of life satisfaction are more likely to trust more in their ability to follow a healthy diet nine months later. Moreover, the results supported the stability of the model even after accounting for the influence of sociodemographic factors such as age and socioeconomic status that may have an impact on life satisfaction and on behavior related to cardiovascular health [ 30 ]. Also, this final model is related to findings reporting an association between lower life satisfaction and non-adherence to healthy lifestyles in CVD patients [ 30 ].…”

“…Regarding CVD patients’ life satisfaction, previous research has concluded that it is lower when there is not adherence to the necessary changes for their health after illness [ 30 ]. As for diet-related behavior, recent studies have shown that adherence to the Mediterranean diet is positively related to quality of life [ 31 ] and life satisfaction in adults [ 32 ].…”

PROMIS® General Life Satisfaction scale: construct validity in musculoskeletal pain patients

“…People form judgments of how satisfied they are based on their perception of emotional experience, with the number of positive experiences having a greater impact on higher ratings of SWL than negative emotions [3]. High levels of SWL are positively associated with a range of physical and mental health issues and health behaviours [4][5][6][7][8].…”