Influence of Self-Efficacy and Motivation to Follow a Healthy Diet on Life Satisfaction of Patients with Cardiovascular Disease: A Longitudinal Study

Abstract

Today, cardiovascular disease has a great impact on the global population due to its high prevalence. One challenge that cardiovascular patients face to achieve a better prognosis is to follow a healthy diet. This study focused on psychological factors linked to adaptation to a healthy diet in these patients. The main objective was to analyze the interrelationship between motivation to follow a healthy diet and self-efficacy to adhere to the Mediterranean diet with life satisfaction over time. The sample consisted of cardiovascular patients who were assessed at three measurement moments (NT1 = 755; NT2 = 593; NT3 = 323, average interval time: nine months). Correlation analyses showed that self-efficacy, motivation, and life satisfaction followed a pattern of positive relations across the three measurements. A time effect over the study variables was also observed. The results of path analyses showed that self-efficacy positively predicted autonomous motivation, which in turn was associated with patients’ life satisfaction. This interrelation was stable over a period of 18 months. Moreover, life satisfaction predicted self-efficacy nine months later. Psychological interventions might be a positive resource for cardiovascular patients, since psychological variables influence their life satisfaction and their subsequent quality of life in their new health condition.

Effectiveness of nurse‐led counselling and education on self‐efficacy of patients with acute coronary syndrome: A randomized controlled trial

“…For instance, patients with improved self-efficacy were more probably to regularly exercise and engage in various programmes promoting physical activity. Additionally, such patients were also more probably to make better food choices (Castillo-Mayén et al, 2020). The findings of the present study showed considerable improvements in For instance, a quasi-experimental study evidenced that provision of nurse-led education and counselling prior to discharge, followed with two telephone follow-ups sessions, had no effect on the long-term self-efficacy of ACS patients in 3 and 12 months after discharge (Shim & Hwang, 2017).…”

“…For instance, patients with improved self‐efficacy were more probably to regularly exercise and engage in various programmes promoting physical activity. Additionally, such patients were also more probably to make better food choices (Castillo‐Mayén et al., 2020). The findings of the present study showed considerable improvements in short‐term perceived self‐efficacy to control symptoms and maintain function, and total cardiac self‐efficacy of participants in the intervention group compared with the control group.…”

Effects of multidimensional life management on healthy behavior in polycystic ovary syndrome patients: A randomized controlled trial

“…Improving self-efficacy is generally regarded as an essential intermediary factor in the effect of exercise interventions (Olander et al, 2013 ). Self-efficacy and autonomous motivation are the core psychological factors that affect the initiation and maintenance of healthy behaviors (Pelletier et al, 2017 ; Castillo-Mayen et al, 2020 ). In the present study, the TTM-based program was found to be an effective method for developing self-efficacy, resulting in regular exercise, a healthy diet, and positively enhanced health literacy.…”

Confidence to manage menstruation among university students in Australia: Evidence from a cross-sectional survey

“…Previous studies on health behaviours have highlighted how confidence in one’s ability to perform a behaviour increases the likelihood they will enact it. 54 , 63 Those who are confident to change their menstrual products at university will therefore do so, reflecting reverse causation.…”