Life Cycle Inventory datasets for nano-grid configurations

Abstract

Datasets concerning some user-scale Smart Grids, named Nano-grids, are reported in this paper. First several Solar Home Systems composed of a photovoltaic plant, a backup generator and different types of lithium-ion batteries are provided. Then, the inventory analysis of hybrid Nano-grids integrating batteries and hydrogen storage is outlined according to different scenarios. These data inventory could be useful for any academic or stakeholder interested in reproducing this analysis and/or developing environmental sustainability assessment in the field of Smart Grids. For more insight, please see “Environmental analysis of a Nano-Grid: a Life Cycle Assessment” by Rossi F, Parisi M.L., Maranghi S., Basosi R., Sinicropi A. [1].

Environmental and economic optima of solar home systems design: A combined LCA and LCC approach

“…Nevertheless in this case the system expansion would lead to unrealistic results because the size of the PV system would be out of the range of residential applications and the SHS would lead to a very big negative environmental impact. For such reason allocation has been preferred by Rossi et al [19,20] to describe this multi-output process: using this approach, part of the impacts are allocated on the RF, and part of them on the by-product. Physical allocation is one of the most widely used allocation methods and consists on multiplying the impacts for an allocation factor, calculated as RF {pRF`EEq.…”

“…The ageing parameters are defined by Cardoso et al [16] for generic LIBs considering both the cyclic and calendar degradation of the devices. Nevertheless several materials can be used for the electrodes production and relevant differences can be noted concerning the cyclic battery ageing, whereas the natural degradation is approximately the same for every LIB [19,20]. Rossi et al [19,20] provide information about the number of cycles which can be performed in standard operative conditions by the main types of LIBs on the market (temperature of 298 K, M iSoc= 20% and P Cr=1 h´1).…”

“…Nevertheless several materials can be used for the electrodes production and relevant differences can be noted concerning the cyclic battery ageing, whereas the natural degradation is approximately the same for every LIB [19,20]. Rossi et al [19,20] provide information about the number of cycles which can be performed in standard operative conditions by the main types of LIBs on the market (temperature of 298 K, M iSoc= 20% and P Cr=1 h´1). Consequently, a correction factor k j representative of the selected battery chemistry is defined as the ratio between the generic LIBs cycle life in standard conditions, evaluated using Eq.…”

“…Nagapurkar and Smith [8] used LCA to evaluate the carbon dioxide emissions of a cost-optimized Microgrid whereas Di Zhang et al [18] analyzed the environmental impacts of a combined heat and power (CHP) based off-grid system. Recent papers published by Rossi et al [19,20] show how the design, modeling and environmental impact assessment of some user scale electric systems based on PV generation, including SHSs, can be connected with each other in a three-steps methodology. The authors concluded that a grid-connected SHS represents the best configuration for the environment.…”

“…Despite the rich literature on SHSs, there is a lack of attention to the cross-analysis between economic and environmental optimal designs in different contexts. The methodology presented in this paper is built on Rossi et al [19,20] and Cardoso et al [16] papers. The contributions are threefold:…”