Life cycle inventory analysis of co2 emissions manufacturing commodity plastics in japan

Narita, Nobuhiko; Sagisaka, Masayuki; Inaba, Atsushi

doi:10.1007/bf02978888

Cited by 27 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…As the fuel type, energy mix, production capacity, plant age, energy and process efficiency, and process type may differ from plant to plant, which can augment the average carbon emissions values as in GPCA study. The carbon emissions evaluated in this study are very closer to the studies carried out for California, US, Germany, and Japan [25,28]. However, the carbon emissions are slightly higher due to different energy mix/energy sources in the US and Japan.…”

Section: Results Comparison With Previous Lca Studiessupporting

confidence: 77%

“…However, this study is particular and detailed compared to the GPCA study since it was conducted based on an existing PP plant located in a certain country in the GCC region, which remains anonymous due to confidentiality reasons. Narita et al [28] analyzed the life cycle impact of PP production in Japan using the cradle to gate approach, and they found the equivalent carbon emissions of 1.4 kg CO 2 eq. per unit kg of PP.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Life-Cycle Assessment of Polypropylene Production in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Region

2021

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The environmental impacts of the polypropylene (PP) manufacturing process are not fully understood in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region. There is a growing interest in assessing the environmental impacts of this highly demanded product, especially for the petrochemical industry sector. This research examines the environmental impacts of the polypropylene manufacturing process using a life cycle assessment (LCA) approach. Gabi software is selected to carry out this research study and quantify the risks associated with manufacturing one ton of polypropylene, chosen as the functional unit for this LCA study. This work has the following merits: (i) an evaluation of environmental impacts specific to GCC region based on actual plant data; (ii) the results in this work can be used to evaluate LCA impacts of PP based products; and (iii) emphasizing the importance of waste management in reducing environmental impacts. This study shows that the polypropylene manufacturing process releases numerous pollutants into the environment, as the gross CO2 emissions for the manufacturing process of PP in the plant located in the GCC region were estimated to be 1.58 kg CO2 eq./kg-PP. The manufacturing process of propylene has extremely high impacts on global warming potential, fossil resource depletion (1.722 kg Oil eq./kg-PP), human toxicity (0.077 kg 1,4-DB eq./kg-PP), acidification (0.0049 kg SO2 eq./kg-PP), and petrochemical oxidant formation (0.0042 kg NMVOC/kg-PP). Additionally, based on the results of this present research, this study proposes possible improvements and alternative solutions such as applying advanced technologies, clean energy, and safe recycling processes in the GCC that are environmentally friendly.

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Section: Results Comparison With Previous Lca Studiessupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life-Cycle Assessment of Polypropylene Production in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Region

2021

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“…The final stage is the delivery of the PP bag from the manufacturer to the city center by truck. In general, about 1.22 kg of crude oil (typically 45 MJ/kg) and 0.4 kg of natural gas (typically 54 MJ/kg) is required for the production of 1 kg polypropylene product (BUWAL 1991;Narita et al 2002). From 1 kg PP, 1 kg PP monomer can be yielded by using magnesium chloride and titanium chloride catalyst.…”

Section: Road (Truck) Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental impacts of conventional plastic and bio-based carrier bags

Khoo

Tan

Chng

2010

Int J Life Cycle Assess

105

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“…Thanks to its excellent affordability, durability, and workability, it is used in a variety of products, ranging from civil and construction materials to consumer products. Nevertheless, the occurrence of chlorine and additives, such as plasticizers, stabilizers, flame retardants, and fillers, which can account for 30% to 60% of PVC's total weight (Ayers and Ayers 1999), calls for proper life cycle management of PVC products, in particular at the end‐of‐life (EoL) phase (Tukker et al 1997; Ayers and Ayers 1997; Tukker 1998; Kleijn et al 2000; Narita et al 2002; Baitz et al 2004, Nakazawa et al 2007). Mixing EoL PVC products with different additives spoils their resource value and can limit the use of recycled material to lower value uses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyzing Polyvinyl Chloride in Japan With the Waste Input−Output Material Flow Analysis Model

Nakamura

Nakajima

Yoshizawa

et al. 2009

J of Industrial Ecology

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SummaryEffective life cycle management of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) calls for the separation of end-of-life PVC products at the time of collection not only from other wastes but among different PVC types as well. Information about the flow of PVC products in the economy is important for this purpose. Within the framework of the Japanese input−output (IO) table for the year 2000, with around 400 industry sectors, the flow of PVC is captured in terms of six PVC-embodying products and in terms of three PVC types, (1) flexible PVC (soft PVC), (2) rigid PVC (hard PVC), and (3) others. The degree of resolution; the consideration of different PVC types, which are seldom performed in the material flow analysis (MFA) literature; and the use of waste input−output material flow analysis (WIO-MFA) represent distinguishing features of our study. The use of WIO-MFA methodology enables one to convert a monetary input−output table into a physical interindustry flow table involving an arbitrary number of materials under full consideration of the mass balance. The results indicate that 40% of the PVC produced in Japan is exported (as resins and as products such as passenger motor cars), and the rest is accumulated mostly as capital stock. The largest share of accumulation goes to public construction in the form of plates, pipes, and bars, which are mostly hard-PVC products.

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Life cycle inventory analysis of co2 emissions manufacturing commodity plastics in japan

Cited by 27 publications

References 1 publication

Life-Cycle Assessment of Polypropylene Production in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Region

Life-Cycle Assessment of Polypropylene Production in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Region

Environmental impacts of conventional plastic and bio-based carrier bags

Analyzing Polyvinyl Chloride in Japan With the Waste Input−Output Material Flow Analysis Model

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