Life Cycle Assessment of Nanomaterials

Upreti, Girish; Dhingra, Rajive; Naidu, Sasikumar; Atuahene, Isaac; Sawhney, Rapinder

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-15461-9_14

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Even if LCA is considered a holistic, comprehensive methodology for environmental impact assessments, it still lacks the capacity to assess the impact of nanomaterials and nano-enabled products. Despite the efforts [ 105 , 106 ], the potential impacts of the released NMs to human and environmental health have not been covered yet, while several uncertainties and data gaps exist [ 107 , 108 ]. Another issue is that nanomaterials, which are increasing in number in several everyday applications the last decade, are entering into waste streams as part of end-of-life products along with conventional waste, without any real understanding of their environmental impacts or health risks on human beings and living organisms [ 109 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

End-of-Life Recycling Options of (Nano)Enhanced CFRP Composite Prototypes Waste—A Life Cycle Perspective

Petrakli¹,

Gkika²,

Bonou³

et al. 2020

Polymers

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Life cycle assessment is a methodology to assess environmental impacts associated with a product or system/process by accounting resource requirements and emissions over its life cycle. The life cycle consists of four stages: material production, manufacturing, use, and end-of-life. This study highlights the need to conduct life cycle assessment (LCA) early in the new product development process, as a means to assess and evaluate the environmental impacts of (nano)enhanced carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) prototypes over their entire life cycle. These prototypes, namely SleekFast sailing boat and handbrake lever, were manufactured by functionalized carbon fibre fabric and modified epoxy resin with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The environmental impacts of both have been assessed via LCA with a functional unit of ‘1 product piece’. Climate change has been selected as the key impact indicator for hotspot identification (kg CO2 eq). Significant focus has been given to the end-of-life phase by assessing different recycling scenarios. In addition, the respective life cycle inventories (LCIs) are provided, enabling the identification of resource hot spots and quantifying the environmental benefits of end-of-life options.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

End-of-Life Recycling Options of (Nano)Enhanced CFRP Composite Prototypes Waste—A Life Cycle Perspective

Petrakli¹,

Gkika²,

Bonou³

et al. 2020

Polymers

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“…While several environmental LCAs of nanotechnologies have already been published, 136,137 various studies acknowledged the challenges of conducting LCAs of nanomaterials due to their complexity and dynamic behavior during the life cycle. [138][139][140] However, an effort is currently ongoing to fill this gap.…”

Section: Life Cycle Thinking Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safe and sustainable chemicals and materials: a review of sustainability assessment frameworks

Caldeira,

Abbate,

Moretti

et al. 2024

Green Chem.

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“…Despite the sign of progress in the research studies of the environmental fate and behavior and risk assessment of ENMs, to date, their life cycle is characterized by a regulatory gaps, from the design and synthesis, to their usage, until the final disposal. Specific international regulation for producing, labeling, and evaluating the environmental impact of ENMs is lacking [ 43 ]. Attempting to fill these gaps, in 2007, the European Commission introduced the ENMs in the register of chemical compounds REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals) indicating that their safety assessment should follow the risk assessment methodology adopted for conventional chemicals.…”

Section: Enm/nps and Environmental Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Era of Nanomaterials: A Safe Solution or a Risk for Marine Environmental Pollution?

et al. 2021

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In recent years, the application of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) in environmental remediation gained increasing attention. Due to their large surface area and high reactivity, ENMs offer the potential for the efficient removal of pollutants from environmental matrices with better performances compared to conventional techniques. However, their fate and safety upon environmental application, which can be associated with their release into the environment, are largely unknown. It is essential to develop systems that can predict ENM interactions with biological systems, their overall environmental and human health impact. Until now, Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) tools have been employed to investigate ENMs potential environmental impact, from raw material production, design and to their final disposal. However, LCA studies focused on the environmental impact of the production phase lacking information on their environmental impact deriving from in situ employment. A recently developed eco-design framework aimed to fill this knowledge gap by using ecotoxicological tools that allow the assessment of potential hazards posed by ENMs to natural ecosystems and wildlife. In the present review, we illustrate the development of the eco-design framework and review the application of ecotoxicology as a valuable strategy to develop ecosafe ENMs for environmental remediation. Furthermore, we critically describe the currently available ENMs for marine environment remediation and discuss their pros and cons in safe environmental applications together with the need to balance benefits and risks promoting an environmentally safe nanoremediation (ecosafe) for the future.

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Life Cycle Assessment of Nanomaterials

Cited by 14 publications

References 38 publications

End-of-Life Recycling Options of (Nano)Enhanced CFRP Composite Prototypes Waste—A Life Cycle Perspective

End-of-Life Recycling Options of (Nano)Enhanced CFRP Composite Prototypes Waste—A Life Cycle Perspective

Safe and sustainable chemicals and materials: a review of sustainability assessment frameworks

The Era of Nanomaterials: A Safe Solution or a Risk for Marine Environmental Pollution?

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