Life Courses in the Globalization Process: The Development of Social Inequalities in Modern Societies

Buchholz, Sandra; Hofäcker, Dirk; Mills, Melinda; Blossfeld, Hans‐Peter; Kurz, Karin; Hofmeister, Heather

doi:10.1093/esr/jcn033

Cited by 182 publications

(142 citation statements)

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“…Buchholz et al 2009, Palier 2010b. Our data adds a new aspect to this argument, namely that post-1960 birth cohorts are treated as outsiders in these welfare states, similar to e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This takes an extreme form in Southern European welfare states. In the name of preserving social stability, these welfare states use employment protection and seniority rights to protect jobholding insiders against outsiders -everyone out of stable employment (Buchholz et al 2009, Ferrera 1996, 2010, Lessenich 1994. Empirical studies document that conservative welfare states indeed have the strongest insider-outsider cleavages (Arts 2002, Ebbinghaus & Manow 2001, Estevez-Abe et al 2001, Hicks & Kenworthy 2003, Mandel 2012, Schröder 2009, Starke et al 2008.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Generational Inequalities and Welfare Regimes

Chauvel

Schröder

2014

Social Forces

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This paper uses a new age period cohort model to show that among cohorts born between 1935 and 1975, cohorts born around 1950 are significantly above the income trend in most countries. However, such inequalities between generations are much stronger in conservative, continental European welfare states, compared to social democratic and liberal welfare states. As we show, this is because conservative welfare states expose some cohorts to high youth unemployment and make lifetime earnings dependent on a favorable entry into the labor market. We thus demonstrate that conservative welfare states have put the burden of adjustment to the post-1975 economic slowdown on birth cohorts that could not get stable jobs before 1975, while similar cohort inequalities are much weaker in liberal and social democratic welfare states. In these latter two welfare regimes, the burden of adjustment to the post-1975 economic slowdown was not put on the shoulders of some cohorts relative to others. Our analysis is the first to show which welfare regimes are more conducive to such inequalities between cohorts and what mechanisms lead to these material cohort inequalities. Acknowledgment

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“…Buchholz et al 2009, Palier 2010b. Our data adds a new aspect to this argument, namely that post-1960 birth cohorts are treated as outsiders in these welfare states, similar to e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generational Inequalities and Welfare Regimes

Chauvel

Schröder

2014

Social Forces

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“…Flexible forms of employment globally expanded as a consequence of the dramatic changes that characterized capitalist economies during the last three decades of the twentieth century (39). In the mid-1970s, the economic "oil shocks," worldwide recession, and a constellation of technological, political, and economic factors (including the shift from Keynesianism toward neoliberal economic policies) halted economic growth and induced transformations in production processes, thus providing the background for transforming the nature of relations between employers and workers (34,40).…”

Section: The Recommodification Of Labor and The Emergence Of Flexiblementioning

confidence: 99%

Precarious Employment: Understanding an Emerging Social Determinant of Health

Benach

Vives²,

Amable

et al. 2014

Annu. Rev. Public Health

1,013

856

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Employment precariousness is a social determinant that affects the health of workers, families, and communities. Its recent popularity has been spearheaded by three main developments: the surge in "flexible employment" and its associated erosion of workers' employment and working conditions since the mid-1970s; the growing interest in social determinants of health, including employment conditions; and the availability of new data and information systems. This article identifies the historical, economic, and political factors that link precarious employment to health and health equity; reviews concepts, models, instruments, and findings on precarious employment and health inequalities; summarizes the strengths and weaknesses of this literature; and highlights substantive and methodological challenges that need to be addressed. We identify two crucial future aims: to provide a compelling research program that expands our understanding of employment precariousness and to develop and evaluate policy programs that effectively put an end to its health-related impacts.

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“…They enter the workforce at higher ages as a result of prolonged enrolment in education and their career tracks are characterised by the early career investments required to build up experience. Highly educated women have also been found to emphasize their role in employment 5 , adding a normative aspect to the work-family tension (Friedman, Hechter, and Kanawaza 1994;Buchholz et al 2009;Theunynck 2012a, 2012b). As a result, highly educated women are unlikely to enter parenthood early in the life-course as they face potential loss of career prospects and future income (Lappegård 2002;Sobotka 2004;Lappegård and Rønsen 2005).…”

Section: Labour Market Position and Opportunity Costsmentioning

confidence: 99%