Li+ Insertion in Nanostructured TiO2 for Energy Storage

Abstract

Nanostructured materials possess unique physical-chemical characteristics and have attracted much attention, among others, in the field of energy conversion and storage devices, for the possibility to exploit both their bulk and surface properties, enabling enhanced electron and ion transport, fast diffusion of electrolytes, and consequently high efficiency in the electrochemical processes. In particular, titanium dioxide received great attention, both in the form of amorphous or crystalline material for these applications, due to the large variety of nanostructures in which it can be obtained. In this paper, a comparison of the performance of titanium dioxide prepared through the oxidation of Ti foils in hydrogen peroxide is reported. In particular, two thermal treatments have been compared. One, at 150 °C in Ar, which serves to remove the residual hydrogen peroxide, and the second, at 450 °C in air. The material, after the treatment at 150 °C, results to be not stoichiometric and amorphous, while the treatment at 450 °C provide TiO2 in the anatase form. It turns out that not-stoichiometric TiO2 results to be a highly stable material, being a promising candidate for applications as high power Li-ion batteries, while the anatase TiO2 shows lower cyclability, but it is still promising for energy-storage devices.

Amorphous Electrode: From Synthesis to Electrochemical Energy Storage

“…[69] Mara et al also demonstrated that amorphous TiO 2 formed at low temperature and anatase TiO 2 formed at high temperature, suggesting that the oxidation temperature needs to be tuned to obtain ideal amorphous structured materials. [70] Moreover, metal can be oxidized to metal oxide according to the reaction formula: 2xM + yO 2 → 2 M x O y . However, the reaction conditions are more stringent and difficult relative to the decomposition of metal hydroxide due to the superior stability of metal elements.…”

Titanium Dioxide as Energy Storage Material: A Review on Recent Advancement

“…Serrapede et al [30] have compared and quantified the charging mechanisms of defective TiO 2 with respect to stoichiometric anatase. The porous TiO 2 samples have been synthesized by simple thermal oxidation of titanium foil in a 111 volume hydrogen peroxide solution (30% (w/w) in H 2 O) at low temperature.…”

Structural and Optical Analysis of Ag Nanoparticles assisted Vertically Aligned TiO2 Nanowires based photoanode for Dye-sensitized Solar Cells Application

“…Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is one of the most extensively investigated materials for various applications like photo-catalysis, photo degradation, energy storage, photovoltaic devices and optoelectronic devices [1,2]. In the last decade, one-dimensional (1D) TiO2 nanostructures have been significantly studied because of their ability to enhance the light absorption due to scattering of lights inside the nanostructure, which facilitates the photocatalytic reactions and by providing the direct pathway for charge carrier [3].…”