LGBM: An Intrusion Detection Scheme for Resource-Constrained End Devices in Internet of Things

Abstract

The intrusion detection schemes (IDSs) based on the Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (GBDT) face three problems: unbalanced training data distribution, large dimensionality of data features, and difficulty in model parameter optimization, which lead to weak monitoring capability and high false positive rate. For the problem of unbalanced training data distribution, we make the one-sided gradient oversampling algorithm to ensure the balance between the data of each category. To tackle the problem of the large dimensionality of data features, we develop a hierarchical cross-validation algorithm for binding mutually exclusive features. To address the problem of difficulty in model parameter optimization, we design a Bayesian optimization algorithm to make the model parameter search process more targeted and reduce the model training cost by establishing functional relationships between hyperparameters and target functions. The detailed experimental results show that the scheme can effectively solve the problems of data imbalance, high-dimensional data features, and low parameter finding efficiency, and improve the model’s ability to monitor the attack behavior.