Lexical Reduplication and Slovak Language

Abstract

Abstract:The study deals with lexical reduplication which has the status of a peripheral, yet legitimate way of how vocabulary is enlarged in the Slovak language. Its result is a reduplicate, a paradigmatically formed unit which -as a whole -is a reflection of its part. Reduplication (in a wider sense) is defined by a semasiological aspect, particularly in the context of structural isomorphism and distinguishing of a reproductive, replicative and reduplicative type (in a narrow sense) with the use of integrative and integrative-modificatory onomasiological categories. The core of the reduplicates is formed by a determinative type of appositional names. Reduplication is a rich source of mimémata and pragma-lexemes. Reduplicates bring a new quality into the lexicon, the quality with specific semantics and pragmatics which oscillates around the pragmatic principle of relevance and amplification. Ethno-significative model 'X-neX' is typical for the Slovak language; and the presence of vocalic and echo reduplicates points at the conceptual unification which is of a more universal nature.Key words: reduplication, Slovak language, semasiology, onomasiology, pragma-lexeme Venujem Viktorovi Krupovi ÚVODReduplikácia patrí k široko frekventovaným gramatickým a slovotvorným spô-sobom. Podľa údajov Carlа Rubina (World Atlas of Language Structures; online: http://www.wals.info) z 368 analyzovaných jazykov sveta až 85 % vykazuje produktívnu reduplikáciu. Z toho v 278 jazykoch sa realizuje aj úplná, aj čiastočná reduplikácia, 35 jazykov má len úplnú reduplikáciu a bez produktívnej reduplikácie je 55 jazykov (t. j. 15 %). Patria k nim flektívne jazyky syntetického aj analytického typu, akými sú slovanské, germánske, románske a iné jazyky. V súvislosti s reduplikáciou v angličtine sa s obľubou citujú slová Davida Crystala: "Reduplication is not a major means of creating lexemes in English, but it is perhaps the most unusual one" (Crystal, 2003). K povedanému dodávame: reduplikácia v slovenčine je síce perifér-nym, ale nositeľmi jazyka akceptovaným a využívaným prostriedkom pragmatikál-nej lexikalizácie a frazeologizácie.

The Intensifying Function of Reduplication in Contemporary Polish and Slovak

“…Polish linguists distinguished more types of this phenomenon: syntactic reduplication and intraclausal repetition (Wierzbicka 1986); lexical repetitions (accurate and inaccurate) (Dobaczewski 2018); simple reduplication, family reduplication, paradigmatic reduplication, lexical and syntactic reduplication (Mikołajczak 1998). In Slovak, Sokolová (2016) pointed out on replication, reduplication, iteration and tautology.…”

“…As far as data sources are concerned, I refer to studies by Ološtiak -Michálková (2015), Sokolová (2016Sokolová ( , 2017, Dobaczewski (2018)…”