Levofloxacin hemihydrate ocular semi-sponges for topical treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis: Formulation and in-vitro/in-vivo characterization

Saher, Osama; Ghorab, Dalia; Mursi, Nadia M.

doi:10.1016/j.jddst.2015.11.004

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…For these reasons, infectious conjunctivitis has a high impact on the population and on health services. [1] Usually, conjunctivitis is a self-limiting disease. Evidence indicates that patients not treated with antimicrobial agents have high rates of spontaneous remission and low risk of ocular sequelae, such as blindness and structural damage to the eyes.…”

Section: Historical Facts: Besifloxacin £ Conjunctivitismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[3,11] However, evidence also suggests that treatment with topical antimicrobial agents may shorten the time of disease, as well as reduce its contagious spread, absence time at work or school, recurrence of infection, and the risk of progression to potentially ocular damage, as reported in literature. [1][2][3] Thus, the economic and personal benefits of proper treatment are evident.…”

Section: Historical Facts: Besifloxacin £ Conjunctivitismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For these reasons, infectious conjunctivitis has a high impact on the population and on health services. [1] The antimicrobial agents used to treat this pathology are very important, since they allow the reduction of its infectious propagation, absence time at work or school, recurrence of infection and the risk of progression to potentially irreversible ocular damage. [1][2][3] However, in recent years there is a tendency of bacterial resistance to the most commonly used antimicrobials for this purpose.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Besifloxacin: A Critical Review of Its Characteristics, Properties, and Analytical Methods

Tótoli

Salgado

2018

Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry

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Bacterial conjunctivitis has high impact on the health of the population, since it represents more than a third of ocular pathologies reported by health services worldwide. There is a high incidence of bacterial resistance to the antimicrobials most commonly used for the treatment of conjunctivitis. In this context, besifloxacin stands out, since it is a fluoroquinolone developed exclusively for topical ophthalmic use, presenting a low risk of developing resistance due to its reduced systemic exposure. Bausch & Lomb markets it as ophthalmic suspension, under the trade name Besivance™. Literature review on besifloxacin is presented, covering its pharmaceutical and clinical characteristics, and the analytical methods used to measure the drug in pharmaceutical products and biological samples. High performance liquid chromatography is the most used method for this purpose. A discussion on Green Chemistry is also presented, focusing the importance of the development of green analytical methods for the analysis of drugs.

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Section: Historical Facts: Besifloxacin £ Conjunctivitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Historical Facts: Besifloxacin £ Conjunctivitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Besifloxacin: A Critical Review of Its Characteristics, Properties, and Analytical Methods

Tótoli

Salgado

2018

Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry

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“…Saher et al prepared porous levofloxacin-loaded semi-sponges for ocular bacterial infections [ 291 ]. The semi-sponges could be inserted in a lower cul-de-sac and could eliminate the frequent use of ophthalmic drops.…”

Section: Ocular Lenses and Insertsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan and its Derivatives for Ocular Delivery Formulations: Recent Advances and Developments

et al. 2020

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Chitosan (CS) is a hemi-synthetic cationic linear polysaccharide produced by the deacetylation of chitin. CS is non-toxic, highly biocompatible, and biodegradable, and it has a low immunogenicity. Additionally, CS has inherent antibacterial properties and a mucoadhesive character and can disrupt epithelial tight junctions, thus acting as a permeability enhancer. As such, CS and its derivatives are well-suited for the challenging field of ocular drug delivery. In the present review article, we will discuss the properties of CS that contribute to its successful application in ocular delivery before reviewing the latest advances in the use of CS for the development of novel ophthalmic delivery systems. Colloidal nanocarriers (nanoparticles, micelles, liposomes) will be presented, followed by CS gels and lenses and ocular inserts. Finally, instances of CS coatings, aiming at conferring mucoadhesiveness to other matrixes, will be presented.

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“…A widespread example is hydrogel contact lenses used for ocular drug delivery. These devices can increase the bioavailability of drugs otherwise limited by burdensome ocular administration dosing regimens 48,75 . They have proven particularly useful for delivery of medications for eye diseases including glaucoma, and delivery of antibacterial agents to the eye [76][77][78] .…”

Section: Proximal Polymer Implantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug delivery across length scales

Delcassian

Patel

Cortinas

et al. 2018

Journal of Drug Targeting

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Over the last century, there has been a dramatic change in the nature of therapeutic, biologically active molecules available to treat disease. Therapies have evolved from extracted natural products towards rationally designed biomolecules, including small molecules, engineered proteins and nucleic acids. The use of potent drugs which target specific organs, cells or biochemical pathways, necessitates new tools which can enable controlled delivery and dosing of these therapeutics to their biological targets. Here, we review the miniaturisation of drug delivery systems from the macro to nano-scale, focussing on controlled dosing and controlled targeting as two key parameters in drug delivery device design. We describe how the miniaturisation of these devices enables the move from repeated, systemic dosing, to on-demand, targeted delivery of therapeutic drugs and highlight areas of focus for the future.

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Levofloxacin hemihydrate ocular semi-sponges for topical treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis: Formulation and in-vitro/in-vivo characterization

Cited by 26 publications

References 50 publications

Besifloxacin: A Critical Review of Its Characteristics, Properties, and Analytical Methods

Besifloxacin: A Critical Review of Its Characteristics, Properties, and Analytical Methods

Chitosan and its Derivatives for Ocular Delivery Formulations: Recent Advances and Developments

Drug delivery across length scales

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