Levodopa/Carbidopa in the Treatment of Amblyopia

Dadeya, Subhash; Vats, Pankaj; Malik, K P S

doi:10.3928/01913913-20090301-07

Cited by 42 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Regression of the benefit from levodopa has been reported to occur after cessation of levodopa in some non-controlled studies 10, 14, 22 A reduction in VA was not observed in the levodopa group of our study after stopping oral medication between 16 and 18 weeks, because no treatment benefit was detected.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 51%

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A Randomized Trial of Levodopa as Treatment for Residual Amblyopia in Older Children

et al. 2015

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Objective To assess the efficacy and short-term safety of levodopa as adjunctive treatment to patching for amblyopia. Design Randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Participants One hundred thirty-nine children 7 to 12 years of age with residual amblyopia resulting from strabismus, anisometropia or both combined (20/50 to 20/400) following patching. Methods Sixteen weeks of oral levodopa or placebo administered 3 times a day while patching the fellow eye 2 hours per day. Main Outcome Measures Mean change in best-corrected amblyopic-eye visual acuity at 18 weeks. Results At 18 weeks, amblyopic-eye visual acuity improved from randomization by an average of 5.2 letters in the levodopa group and 3.8 letters in the placebo group (difference adjusted for baseline visual acuity = +1.4 letters, 1-sided P=0.06; 2-sided 95% confidence interval = −0.4 to +3.3 letters). No serious adverse effects from levodopa were reported during treatment. Conclusions For children 7 to 12 years of age with residual amblyopia following patching therapy, oral levodopa while continuing to patch 2 hours per day does not produce a clinically or statistically meaningful improvement in visual acuity compared with placebo and patching.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 51%

“…This dosage is greater than that commonly used by many investigators (about 0.51 mg/kg/tid). 11, 14, 22 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Randomized Trial of Levodopa as Treatment for Residual Amblyopia in Older Children

et al. 2015

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“…This result may show a possible dopaminergic component of P3b origin. Indeed, treatment with levodopa/carbidopa can improve and maintain the visual acuity of amblyopic patients [65, 66]. Further studies are needed to confirm whether levodopa/carbidopa therapy in patients with amblyopia can also shorten the latency of P3b.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive processing of orientation discrimination in anisometropic amblyopia

et al. 2017

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Cognition is very important in our daily life. However, amblyopia has abnormal visual cognition. Physiological changes of the brain during processes of cognition could be reflected with ERPs. So the purpose of this study was to investigate the speed and the capacity of resource allocation in visual cognitive processing in orientation discrimination task during monocular and binocular viewing conditions of amblyopia and normal control as well as the corresponding eyes of the two groups with ERPs. We also sought to investigate whether the speed and the capacity of resource allocation in visual cognitive processing vary with target stimuli at different spatial frequencies (3, 6 and 9 cpd) in amblyopia and normal control as well as between the corresponding eyes of the two groups. Fifteen mild to moderate anisometropic amblyopes and ten normal controls were recruited. Three-stimulus oddball paradigms of three different spatial frequency orientation discrimination tasks were used in monocular and binocular conditions in amblyopes and normal controls to elicit event-related potentials (ERPs). Accuracy (ACC), reaction time (RT), the latency of novelty P300 and P3b, and the amplitude of novelty P300 and P3b were measured. Results showed that RT was longer in the amblyopic eye than in both eyes of amblyopia and non-dominant eye in control. Novelty P300 amplitude was largest in the amblyopic eye, followed by the fellow eye, and smallest in both eyes of amblyopia. Novelty P300 amplitude was larger in the amblyopic eye than non-dominant eye and was larger in fellow eye than dominant eye. P3b latency was longer in the amblyopic eye than in the fellow eye, both eyes of amblyopia and non-dominant eye of control. P3b latency was not associated with RT in amblyopia. Neural responses of the amblyopic eye are abnormal at the middle and late stages of cognitive processing, indicating that the amblyopic eye needs to spend more time or integrate more resources to process the same visual task. Fellow eye and both eyes in amblyopia are slightly different from the dominant eye and both eyes in normal control at the middle and late stages of cognitive processing. Meanwhile, abnormal extents of amblyopic eye do not vary with three different spatial frequencies used in our study.

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“…It has been shown to improve the visual acuity and some other visual functions like contrast sensitivity and fixation point scotomas in amblyopia. [28][29][30] The effect of levodopa on the visual system has been demonstrated at the retinal and cortical level. 31,32 Nevertheless, the exact mechanism of levodopa action and the specific regions that act on the visual system are cryptic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anizometropik Ambliyopide Pupil Çapı Farklarının Araştırılması

Kocamış¹,

Çakmak²,

Çağıl³

2014

tjo

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Sum maryPur po se: To study pupil diameter differences between amblyopic and fellow eyes in anisometropic amblyopia. Ma te ri al and Met hod: This study was carried out from medical records of 412 candidates for refractive surgery with excimer laser. 69 patients (21 males and 48 females) with anisometropic amblyopia were enrolled in this study. Mean age of subjects was 33.07±9.07 years. Pupil size measurements were performed with an ocular wavefront analyzer. Amblyopic eyes and fellow eyes were compared with regard to pupil diameter, spherical refractive error, magnitude of astigmatism, spherical equivalent, and best-corrected visual acuity on Snellen chart. Also, correlation analyses were performed to determine correlation coefficients and their significance between selected variables. Re sults: Mean pupil diameter was 5.95±0.90 mm in amblyopic eyes and 6.15±0.90 mm in fellow eyes. Difference in mean pupil diameter between amblyopic and fellow eyes was statistically significant (p=0.01). Mean spherical refractive error (-2.96±6.21 D), mean astigmatic refractive error (-2.87±1.80 D), mean BCVA (0.44±0.19), and mean spherical equivalent (-4.40 ±2.92 D) in amblyopic eyes were statistically different from the values in fellow eyes (p=0.01). In addition, the analyses showed that the correlations between the magnitude of anisocoria and anisometropia, and between the magnitude of anisocoria and the depth of amblyopia were statistically insignificant. Dis cus si on: This study shows a relationship between anisocoria and amblyopia. The existence of such relationship helps both to diagnose amblyopia earlier and to unveil some hidden process in the pathophysiology of amblyopia. (Turk J Ophthalmol 2013; 43: 45-50)

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Levodopa/Carbidopa in the Treatment of Amblyopia

Abstract: Levodopa/carbidopa improves visual acuity in patients with amblyopia and maintains improved visual acuity, especially in patients younger than 8 years.

Cited by 42 publications

References 17 publications

A Randomized Trial of Levodopa as Treatment for Residual Amblyopia in Older Children

A Randomized Trial of Levodopa as Treatment for Residual Amblyopia in Older Children

Cognitive processing of orientation discrimination in anisometropic amblyopia

Anizometropik Ambliyopide Pupil Çapı Farklarının Araştırılması

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