Leveraging State Immunization Information Systems to Measure the Effectiveness of Rotavirus Vaccine

Cortese, Margaret M.; Leblanc, Julie; White, Karen E.; Jerris, Robert C.; Stinchfield, Patricia; Preston, Kenan L.; Meek, James; Odofin, Lynda; Khizer, Saadia; Miller, Claudia; Buttery, Vicki; Mijatovic-Rustempasic, Slavica; Lewis, Jay H.; Parashar, Umesh D.; Immergluck, Lilly Cheng

doi:10.1542/peds.2011-1006

Cited by 41 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Our VE estimates of RV5 are very similar to those found in other US evaluations. [13][14][15][16][17][18] We also found an overall high VE of a 2-dose mixed series.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…14,18 In our current evaluation using IIS controls, the VE estimates that included only children for whom there was indication that child had been active in the registry (which we defined as having $1 dose of DTaP, PCV, or RV listed in the IIS [or, in Connecticut, information that vaccines were refused]) were generally similar to those obtained using the rotavirusnegative controls and the provider record, and higher than those that included children in the IIS who had no doses listed. (The VE results with the IIS $1 dose restriction were very similar to those obtained with a more stringent IIS restriction 14 [data not shown], used to help ensure the record available covered the early infancy period: $3 doses of DTaP, PCV, or full series of RV received through age 8 months). Using the IIS, we found rotavirus vaccine did not protect against rotavirus-negative gastroenteritis, suggesting a lack of major bias in our VE estimates against rotavirus disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effectiveness of Monovalent and Pentavalent Rotavirus Vaccine

et al. 2013

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT: Monovalent rotavirus vaccine was introduced for infants in the United States in 2008. Previous US evaluations have not specifically assessed the performance of this vaccine under routine use. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS:Using the same methodology and covering the same time period, high effectiveness (∼90%) was demonstrated for the monovalent and the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine series against rotavirus disease resulting in emergency department/inpatient care, in children up to 2 years of age. abstract OBJECTIVE: Previous US evaluations have not assessed monovalent rotavirus vaccine (RV1, a G1P[8] human rotavirus strain) effectiveness, because of its later introduction (2008). Using case-control methodology, we measured the vaccine effectiveness (VE) of the 2-dose RV1 and 3-dose pentavalent vaccine (RV5) series against rotavirus disease resulting in hospital emergency department or inpatient care. METHODS:Children were eligible for enrollment if they presented to 1 of 5 hospitals (3 in Georgia, 2 in Connecticut) with diarrhea of #10 days' duration during January through June 2010 or 2011, and were born after RV1 introduction. Stools were collected; immunization records were obtained from providers and state electronic immunization information system (IIS). Case-subjects (children testing rotavirus antigenpositive) were compared with 2 control groups: children testing rotavirus negative and children selected from IIS. RESULTS:Overall, 165 rotavirus-case subjects and 428 rotavirus-negative controls were enrolled. Using the rotavirus-negative controls, RV1 VE was 91% (95% confidence interval [CI] 80 to 95) and RV5 VE was 92% (CI 75 to 97) among children aged $8 months. The RV1 VE against G2P[4] disease was high (94%, CI 78 to 98), as was that against G1P [8] disease (89%, CI 70 to 96). RV1 effectiveness was sustained among children aged 12 through 23 months (VE 91%; CI 75 to 96). VE point estimates using IIS controls were similar to those using rotavirusnegative controls.CONCLUSIONS: RV1 and RV5 were both highly effective against severe rotavirus disease. RV1 conferred sustained protection during the first 2 years of life and demonstrated high effectiveness against G2P[4] (heterotypic) disease. Pediatrics 2013;132:e25-e33 AUTHORS:

show abstract

“…Our VE estimates of RV5 are very similar to those found in other US evaluations. [13][14][15][16][17][18] We also found an overall high VE of a 2-dose mixed series.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Monovalent and Pentavalent Rotavirus Vaccine

et al. 2013

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Using IISs to evaluate vaccines is an emerging concept, but recognition of the value of IISs for epidemiologic studies is growing. [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] Compared with field studies, the use of existing data are more efficient in terms of time and cost. Additionally, using IISs allowed us to obtain data to evaluate disease over a long risk period and with the inclusion of multiple birth cohorts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waning Immunity to Pertussis Following 5 Doses of DTaP

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

OBJECTIVE: To assess the risk of pertussis by time since vaccination in children in Minnesota and Oregon who received 5 doses of acellular pertussis vaccines (DTaP). METHODS: These cohort analyses included Minnesota and Oregon children born between 1998 and 2003 who had 5 DTaP doses recorded in state Immunization Information Systems. Immunization records and statewide pertussis surveillance data were combined. Incidence rates and risk ratios for pertussis were calculated for the 6 years after receipt of the fifth DTaP dose. RESULTS: The cohorts included 224 378 Minnesota children and 179 011 from Oregon; 458 and 89 pertussis cases were identified in Minnesota and Oregon, respectively. Pertussis incidence rates rose each year of follow-up: 15.6/100 000 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 11.1–21.4) at year 1 to 138.4/100 000 (CI: 113.3–166.9) at year 6 (Minnesota); 6.2/100 000 (CI: 3.3–10.6) in year 1 to 24.4/100 000 (CI: 15.0–37.8) in year 6 (Oregon). Risk ratios increased from 1.9 (CI: 1.3–2.9) in year 2 to 8.9 (CI: 6.0–13.0) in year 6 (Minnesota) and from 1.3 (CI: 0.6–2.8) in year 2 to 4.0 (CI: 1.9–8.4) in year 6 (Oregon). CONCLUSIONS: This evaluation reports steady increase in risk of pertussis in the years after completion of the 5-dose DTaP series. This rise is likely attributable in part to waning immunity from DTaP vaccines. Continuing to monitor disease burden and vaccine effectiveness in fully vaccinated children in coming years will be important to assess ongoing risk as additional cohorts vaccinated solely with acellular pertussis vaccines are introduced.

show abstract

“…All-cause pneumonia incidence and acute otitis media rates were obtained from the literature. [28][29][30][31] For both hepatitis A and rotavirus diseases, we developed hepatitis A and rotavirus decision analysis models, using the efficacies of the vaccines [40][41][42][43][44][45][46] to estimate the likelihood of hepatitis A and rotavirus infections and their sequelae among vaccinated children in the cohort.…”

Section: Estimating the Burden Of Diseases With Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic Evaluation of the Routine Childhood Immunization Program in the United States, 2009

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the economic impact of the 2009 routine US childhood immunization schedule, including diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis, Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate, inactivated poliovirus, measles/mumps/rubella, hepatitis B, varicella, 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate, hepatitis A, and rotavirus vaccines; influenza vaccine was not included. METHODS: Decision analysis was conducted using population-based vaccination coverage, published vaccine efficacies, historical data on disease incidence before vaccination, and disease incidence reported during 2005 to 2009. Costs were estimated using the direct cost and societal (direct and indirect costs) perspectives. Program costs included vaccine, administration, vaccine-associated adverse events, and parent travel and work time lost. All costs were inflated to 2009 dollars, and all costs and benefits in the future were discounted at a 3% annual rate. A hypothetical 2009 US birth cohort of 4 261 494 infants over their lifetime was followed up from birth through death. Net present value (net savings) and benefit-cost ratios of routine childhood immunization were calculated. RESULTS: Analyses showed that routine childhood immunization among members of the 2009 US birth cohort will prevent ∼42 000 early deaths and 20 million cases of disease, with net savings of $13.5 billion in direct costs and $68.8 billion in total societal costs, respectively. The direct and societal benefit-cost ratios for routine childhood vaccination with these 9 vaccines were 3.0 and 10.1. CONCLUSIONS: From both direct cost and societal perspectives, vaccinating children as recommended with these vaccines results in substantial cost savings.

show abstract

Leveraging State Immunization Information Systems to Measure the Effectiveness of Rotavirus Vaccine

Abstract: Three RV5 doses confer sustained protection against rotavirus disease during the first 3 years of life in US children. Two RV5 doses also seem to provide good protection. IISs can be valuable tools for assessing the effectiveness of vaccines administered to young children.

Cited by 41 publications

References 9 publications

Effectiveness of Monovalent and Pentavalent Rotavirus Vaccine

Effectiveness of Monovalent and Pentavalent Rotavirus Vaccine

Waning Immunity to Pertussis Following 5 Doses of DTaP

Economic Evaluation of the Routine Childhood Immunization Program in the United States, 2009

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About