Leveraging Knowledge Across Geographic Boundaries

Tallman, Stephen; Phene, Anupama

doi:10.1287/orsc.1060.0227

Cited by 154 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…For instance, there has been a stream of research questioning the value of co-location or geographically proximate firms for firms' external learning. There has been research reporting no effect of geographic proximity on firm innovation (e.g., Ganesan et al, 2005 andTallman andPhene, 2007); there have also been studies suggesting that, although geographically proximate firms might be a useful group to turn to for knowledge acquisition, such value is not always fundamental and depends on contextual (e.g., Davenport, 2005, Lemarié et al, 2001and McKelvey et al, 2003 and firm (e.g., Folta, 2009 andWhittington et al, 2009) factors. We argue that one critical situational factor is the venture's international exposure from alliance partners.…”

Section: Informal and Formal Network Relationships: Substitutes?mentioning

confidence: 99%

International exposure through network relationships: Implications for new venture internationalization

Fernhaber

2013

Journal of Business Venturing

158

128

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Abstract:Drawing on the network literature and attention-based view, we examine the extent to which international exposure from key informal (geographically proximate firms) and formal (alliance partners) network relationships impacts new venture internationalization. Our findings are three-fold. First, international exposure from both types of network relationships positively influence new venture internationalization, and serve as substitutes for each other. Second, the effects differ based on the age of the venture. While older ventures benefit more from international exposure from alliance partners, younger ventures are more influenced by international exposure from geographically proximate firms. Third, our analysis confirms a three-way interactive effect of age and international exposure from informal and formal relationships on new venture internationalization.Keywords: New venture, Internationalization, Knowledge, Age Executive summaryThe importance of networking in the international context continues to escalate due to the increasing interdependencies between firms, countries and markets (Dunning, 1995). For new ventures that battle liabilities of foreignness and newness concurrently, the relevancy of networks is magnified even further (Johanson and Vahlne, 2009). Despite the growing literature stream on networks, there are three relatively ignored aspects of network relationships that could have significant implications for internationalizing ventures. First, although pioneering research on entrepreneurial networks has long recognized the differential benefits of informal versus formal networks (Birley, 1985), the implications of network relationship formality for internationalization remain understudied. Second, limited research has been conducted that moves beyond the extent of network relationships to alternatively consider the ability of those relationships to expose a venture to internationalization. International exposure is broadly defined as the extent to which a venture's management team comes into contact with international knowledge through prior experiences or network relationships. Third, it is unclear how the reliance on various network relationships potentially differs among younger and older ventures, despite the fact that the management literature frequently recognizes the evolutionary nature of ventures (e.g., Katz and Kahn, 1978, Lippitt and Schmidt, 1967, Quinn and Cameron, 1983and Scott, 1971).The purpose of this paper is to respond to these gaps in the literature. We explore if international exposure through informal and formal network relationships positively impacts the internationalization of new ventures, and if so, whether or not the relationship differs according to the age of the venture. The theoretical foundation for our research is the network literature supplemented by the attention-based view.Our analyses of 448 U.S.-based, high-growth ventures in high-technology industries offer a series of findings. First, international exposures from both formal (alliance partners) ...

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Section: Informal and Formal Network Relationships: Substitutes?mentioning

confidence: 99%

International exposure through network relationships: Implications for new venture internationalization

Fernhaber

2013

Journal of Business Venturing

158

128

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“…R&D alliances are a prominent way in which partners exchange, share, and co-develop knowledge and contribute to the commercialization of technologies (e.g., Pisano, 1990;Mowery, Oxley, and Silverman, 1996;Tallman and Phene, 2007). Firms enter into R&D collaborations with exchange partners to utilize their technological capabilities and know-how for new product development and commercialization (e.g., Teece, 1996;Hsu, 2006).…”

Section: Background Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Partner Selection in R&D Collaborations: Effects of Affiliations with Venture Capitalists

Reuer¹,

Devarakonda²

2017

Organization Science

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This paper extends information economics to the literature on alliance partner selection by demonstrating how VCs can facilitate R&D collaborations. We investigate a new role for VCsinformation intermediation -that can enable R&D partnerships between entrepreneurial ventures that lack knowledge of each other's technological resources. In contrast to the more diffuse signaling benefits entrepreneurial ventures obtain by affiliating with prominent VCs, backing by a common VC can privately and directly reduce information asymmetries between entrepreneurial ventures. We demonstrate that the effects of VC information intermediation are more pronounced when prospective collaborators are at the earliest stages of product development and when they find it difficult to judge each other's technological resources, such as when they do not have previous partnerships together, do not draw upon each other's knowledge bases, and have dissimilar technology portfolios. We empirically investigate the multiple different ways in which VCs potentially facilitate R&D partner selection and identify specific conditions under which VCs' information intermediation function contributes to segmentation in markets for R&D alliances.

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“…As knowledge is location specific (e.g., Hotho et al, 2011;Tallman and Phene, 2007), units that operate in different locations can access and accumulate knowledge of several domains, with varied specificity and contextual applications (e.g., Wood and Reynolds, 2012), and exploit potential spillovers arising from economies of agglomeration and add new elements to their knowledge base. Thus, network breadth gives business units the opportunity to access a wide range of knowledge sources from diverse markets, scientists, and other local talent pools that can be 13 uses to improve performance.…”

Section: Network Breadthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technology transfer within China and the role of location choices

Kafouros

Wang

2015

International Business Review

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We examine how emerging country business groups overcome various technological constraints and succeed in enhancing their performance. Our theoretical contribution lies in showing how the ability of a business unit to benefit from intra-group technology transfer depends on the idiosyncratic manner in which the group geographically configures its network of units. The findings reveal that the geographic dispersion and concentration of the units of a group alter both the ability and willingness of its business units to transfer technologies to (or receive technologies from) other units and subsequently result in different performance outcomes. The location of a business unit also determines whether or not a unit competes with other fellow units and, consequently, influences how much a unit benefits from the technologies held by the group.

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Leveraging Knowledge Across Geographic Boundaries

Cited by 154 publications

References 36 publications

International exposure through network relationships: Implications for new venture internationalization

International exposure through network relationships: Implications for new venture internationalization

Partner Selection in R&D Collaborations: Effects of Affiliations with Venture Capitalists

Technology transfer within China and the role of location choices

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