Levels of vaspin and omentin-1 in gingival crevicular fluid as potential markers of inflammation in patients with chronic periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Abstract:The aims of the present study were to determine the levels of vaspin and omentin-1 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and to evaluate GCF vaspin and omentin-1 levels after non-surgical periodontal therapy. The study included 60 subjects: 15 systemically and periodontally healthy individuals, 15 periodontally healthy patients with T2DM, 15 systemically healthy patients with CP, and 15 patients with both CP and T2DM. GCF and clinical periodontal parameters were examined at the baseline and 6 weeks after periodontal therapy. Levels of vaspin, omentin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were measured by ELISA, and their relative ratios were calculated. GCF vaspin and TNF-α levels were significantly higher in the CP groups than in the periodontally healthy groups (P < 0.008) and decreased after therapy in the former (P < 0.025). GCF omentin-1 levels were significantly lower in the CP groups than in the periodontally healthy groups (P < 0.008) and increased after therapy in the former (P < 0.05). Statistically significant positive correlations were found between the total amount of vaspin and TNF-α, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), clinical attachment level and gingival index, whereas the level of omentin-1 was negatively correlated with these parameters in all groups (P < 0.05). We found that non-surgical periodontal therapy influenced the GCF levels of both vaspin and omentin-1 in the CP groups. IntroductionChronic peridontitis (CP) is an infectious condition that degrades and deteriorates the vital periodontal tissues around the teeth (1). The deterioration of soft and hard tissues resulting from periodontitis is due to stimulation of the host immunoinflammatory reaction to pathogens in the mouth (2). The host response to these infectious pathogens leads to dispersal of inflammatory mediators, including the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and prostaglandins (PGE2), the latter exacerbating deterioration of the periodontium. The increased cytokine levels present in periodontitis are also likely to aggravate existing conditions, such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, and rheumatoid arthritis (3). A number of theories have been offered to explain the

Study of salivary and serum vaspin and total antioxidants in anorexia nervosa

“…Collectively, the above investigations have suggested that VASP has a potential role as an anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and antioxidant biomarker of chronic periodontitis and can be altered after non-surgical treatment in the oral cavity [17,56].…”

“…Some investigations have suggested that VASP has a potential role as an inflammatory biomarker of chronic periodontitis and can be altered after non-surgical treatment in the oral cavity [17]. Regarding oral cavity and vaspin, in three studies in which gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) concentrations were determined in patients with moderate severity of periodontitis, higher levels of this protein were found relative to the reference groups [15,17,59]. In the analyzes carried out by Pradeep et al in 2015, similar relationships were also found in the concentrations of this protein in the tear fluid [15].…”

“…In addition, the pH of unstimulated saliva was lower in the AN group and differed statistically from that in the healthy individuals [18]. According to the obtained findings, disturbances in VASP concentration and TAS may indicate that anorexic patients may produce a high reactivity to inflammatory processes [17,18].…”

“…It is suggested that vaspin has a potential role as an inflammatory biomarker of periodontitis. In Bozkurt Dogan et al's study (2016), vaspin was shown to be significantly higher in patients with chronic periodontitis than in periodontally healthy groups and decreased after non-surgical therapy [17].…”

<p>The association between omentin and diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies</p>

“…Mean age of the participants ranged between 11 and 67 years. Twenty-one studies recruited both gender, 17,19,[22][23][24]27,[32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46] four were conducted only in men, 18,21,25,47 and three used female subjects. 20,26,48 Included studies were conducted in participants with T1DM, 17,32,40 T2DM 22,23,26,27,38,39,41,[43][44][45][46][47] , and patients with IGT.…”