Levels of trkA and BDNF mRNA, but not NGF mRNA, fluctuate across the estrous cycle and increase in response to acute hormone replacement

Gibbs, Robert G.

doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(97)01511-4

Cited by 233 publications

(153 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Other studies do not necessarily find a relationship between elevated estradiol and elevated BDNF, possibly due to the timing required before estrogen can induce BDNF expression [87], which may vary and depend on experimental variables. Indeed, stress can increase or decrease BDNF [88][89][90], so concurrent estrogen withdrawal or administration could have different effects if an animal is not carefully handled.…”

Section: Mechanisms For Estrogen-bdnf Interactions In Hippocampumentioning

confidence: 90%

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Estrogen and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in hippocampus: Complexity of steroid hormone-growth factor interactions in the adult CNS

Scharfman

MacLusky

2006

Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology

265

202

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In the CNS, there are widespread and diverse interactions between growth factors and estrogen. Here we examine the interactions of estrogen and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), two molecules that have historically been studied separately, despite the fact that they seem to share common targets, effects, and mechanisms of action. The demonstration of an estrogen-sensitive response element on the BDNF gene provided an impetus to explore a direct relationship between estrogen and BDNF, and predicted that the effects of estrogen, at least in part, might be due to the induction of BDNF. This hypothesis is discussed with respect to the hippocampus, where substantial evidence has accumulated in favor of it, but alternate hypotheses are also raised. It is suggested that some of the interactions between estrogen and BDNF, as well as the controversies and implications associated with their respective actions, may be best appreciated in light of the ability of BDNF to induce neuropeptide Y (NPY) synthesis in hippocampal neurons. Taken together, this tri-molecular cascade, estrogen-BDNF-NPY, may be important in understanding the hormonal regulation of hippocampal function. It may also be relevant to other regions of the CNS where estrogen is known to exert profound effects, such as amygdala and hypothalamus; and may provide greater insight into neurological disorders and psychiatric illness, including Alzheimer's disease, depression and epilepsy.

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Section: Mechanisms For Estrogen-bdnf Interactions In Hippocampumentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Initially this led to counterintuitive results: BDNF mRNA appeared high at times during the estrous cycle when estradiol was not necessarily high [87]. Thus, on the evening of proestrus, (hours after the estrogen surge during the morning or proestrus), BDNF mRNA was not elevated [87,94].…”

Section: Mechanisms For Estrogen-bdnf Interactions In Hippocampumentioning

confidence: 99%

Estrogen and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in hippocampus: Complexity of steroid hormone-growth factor interactions in the adult CNS

Scharfman

MacLusky

2006

Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology

265

202

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“…Briefly, E 2 can alter neurons, their membranes, the availability of specific membrane receptor proteins, their mitochondrial functions, the production and function of neurotransmitters, and neuromodulators [10][11][12][13]. E 2 alters astrocyte functions [14] and growth factors [15][16][17] that influence dendritic branching [18] and synaptogenesis [19]. Some of these processes, and/or others, may account for rapid effects of E 2 .…”

Section: Rapid And/or Membrane Actions In the Hippocampus For E 2 'S mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid and estrogen receptor beta mediated actions in the hippocampus mediate some functional effects of estrogen

Walf

Frye

2008

Steroids

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The steroid hormone, estradiol (E 2 ), has numerous targets in the central nervous system, including the hippocampus, which plays a key role in cognition and affective behavior. This review focuses on our evidence from studies in rodents that E 2 has diverse mechanisms in the hippocampus for its functional effects E 2 has rapid, membrane-mediated effects in the hippocampus to enhance cognitive performance. Administration of E 2 to the hippocampus of rats for 10 minutes following training enhances performance in a hippocampus-mediated task. Increased cell firing in the hippocampus occurs within this short time frame. Furthermore, administration of free E 2 or an E 2 conjugate, E 2 :bovine serum albumin (BSA), to the hippocampus produces similar performance-enhancing effects in this task, suggesting that E 2 has membrane actions in the hippocampus for these effects. Further evidence that E 2 has rapid, membrane-mediated effects is that co-administration of E 2 and inhibitors of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK), rather than intracellular E 2 receptors (ERs) or protein synthesis, attenuate the enhancing effects of E 2 in this task. Despite these data that demonstrate E 2 can have rapid and/or membrane-mediated effects in the hippocampus, there is clear evidence to suggest that intracellular ERs, particularly the β (rather than α) isoform of ERs, may be important targets for E 2 's functional effects for hippocampal processes. Administration of ligands that are specific for ERβ, but not ERα, have enhancing effects on hippocampal processes similar to that of E 2 (which has similar affinity for ERα and ERβ). These effects are attenuated when ERβ expression is knocked down in transgenic models or with central administration of antisense oligonucleotides. Thus, there may be a convergence of E 2 's actions through rapid, membranemediated effects and intracellular ERs and in the hippocampus for these functional effects.

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“…Estrogen's role in healthy brain function could result from a variety of effects that estrogen has on cellular mechanisms in the brain. These neuroprotective effects include increasing dendritic spine density and the stimulation of axon sprouting and connectivity (Gould et al, 1990) as well as nerve growth factor activity (Gibbs, 1998). This effect was found specifically in the entorhinal cortex when estrogen supplements restored synaptic sprouting in entorhinal cortex lesioned mice that were devoid of synaptic sprouting after ovariectomy (Kadish & van Groen, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of hormone therapy on olfactory sensitivity is dependent on apolipoprotein E genotype

Sundermann

Gilbert

Murphy

2008

Hormones and Behavior

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Patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) show a deficit in olfactory threshold sensitivity. The Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) ε4 allele is associated with increased risk of AD and earlier symptom onset. Hormone therapy (HT) may exert neuroprotective effects on brain areas affected by AD. The current study investigated the effect of HT on performance on an olfactory threshold test in ε4 positive and ε4 negative non-hysterectomized, non-demented, elderly females and AD patients. Among the non-demented participants, ε4 positive females who had received HT performed 1) significantly better than those without HT, and 2) at levels similar to those of ε4 negative females. In contrast, those without HT who were ε4 positive performed significantly worse than those who were ε4 negative. HT had no effect on performance in AD patients regardless of ε4 status. These results suggest that HT may offer protection against loss of olfactory function in ε4 positive individuals in preclinical stages of AD. Future research is warranted in order to investigate further the neuroprotective role of HT on sensory and cognitive functions in non-demented aging individuals.

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Levels of trkA and BDNF mRNA, but not NGF mRNA, fluctuate across the estrous cycle and increase in response to acute hormone replacement

Cited by 233 publications

References 41 publications

Estrogen and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in hippocampus: Complexity of steroid hormone-growth factor interactions in the adult CNS

Estrogen and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in hippocampus: Complexity of steroid hormone-growth factor interactions in the adult CNS

Rapid and estrogen receptor beta mediated actions in the hippocampus mediate some functional effects of estrogen

The effect of hormone therapy on olfactory sensitivity is dependent on apolipoprotein E genotype

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