Levels of trace elements and rare earth elements in honey from Jordan

Abstract

Honey is a common sweetener in the Jordanian diet with annual consumption of about one thousand tons, two-third of them are imported. It is believed that the elemental pro le of honey is an indicator of safety and origin. In the literature, there is a lack of studies concerning levels of trace elements in honey in Jordan. A total 49 elements including 18 rare earth elements (REEs) were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in mono-oral, and multi-oral imported honey samples, and multioral local samples. Regarding mono-oral samples, Black forest samples has the highest total metal content, while Acasia has the lowest total metal content. Local multi-oral honey has the largest Sr, and total REEs levels, while it has the lowest Mn levels. Very low levels of toxic elements were found in all samples, indicating the safety of honey in Jordan for human consumption. Results of this study showed that advanced statistical models are required to discriminate between multi-oral imported and local honey.

Effect of Temperature and Time on the Physicochemical and Sensory Properties of Crystallized Honey

“…Jordanian honey comes from local sources or is brought in from nearby nations such as Saudi Arabia and Egypt as well as European countries like Germany, Spain, and Türkiye. In the year 2019, around 320 tons of honey were domestically produced in Jordan, while approximately 600 tons were imported . Honey has been recognized to have nutritional benefits, unlike plain sugar .…”

The Antioxidant Capacity of Monofloral Eucalyptus Flower Honey and Weed Honey Obtained from Jerash and Al-Zarqa Jordanian Governorates

“…1,2 Honey can be categorized based on several considerations, such as the origin and the method which has been used in harvesting the honey. 2,3 The composition of honey is influenced by several factors. Nectar from different plants has different amounts of the main sugars and trace components.…”

“…Jordan is one of the honey-exporting countries, as it exported approximately 320 tons of honey in 2019. 3 The topography of Jordan is highly variable. There are four biogeographic zones in Jordan: Mediterranean, Irano-Turania, Saharo-Arabian, and Sudania.…”

“…Flowering plants are abundantly distributed, which makes Jordan a beekeeping country. This biodiversity could address the different phenolic content in different honey types produced in Jordan 3,[8][9] This paper aims to evaluate the phenolic contents (GAE), DPPH scavenging activity, and the reducing power of selected local honey samples marketed in Jordan.…”

“…Honey is characterized by its health properties; it has antioxidant potential due to its contents of phenolic compounds, ascorbic acid, amino acids, carotenoid-like chemicals, and Millard reaction products. [3][4] The antioxidant potential of honey varies from one region to another, because of botanical and graphical dissimilitude. Flavonoids are the main polyphenols.…”