Levels of Plasma-soluble Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1 (sTREM-1) Are Correlated with Disease Activity in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Abstract

Patients with RA had higher plasma sTREM-1 levels than healthy controls, and plasma sTREM-1 levels were correlated with disease activity measures, suggesting that plasma sTREM-1 could play a role in the inflammatory process associated with TNF-α, and that it may be a useful disease activity marker in RA.

Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells‐1 is a biomarker of anti‐CCP‐positive, early rheumatoid arthritis

“…The significantly higher serum sTREM-1 levels in the DMARD-na€ ıve patients with ERA than in the patients with established RA as well as its correlation with higher anti-CCP antibody levels suggest that TREM-1 might play a role in the innate immune process that takes place in the initiation of RA. This assumption is supported by several earlier findings, including upregulation of sTREM-1 in the synovial fluid and leucocyte TREM-1 mRNA in patients with RA as well as in murine model of RA [19,20]; elevation in plasma sTREM-1 levels in treated patients with established RA [23]; and a correlation of elevated sTREM-1 levels in this setting with disease activity parameters [21]. Accordingly, researchers also observed that upregulation of membrane-expressed TREM-1 in infectious [8,9,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] and noninfectious [19][20][21][22] inflammatory disorders is associated with a grave outcome.…”

“…Synovial fluid sTREM-1 levels and leucocyte TREM-1 mRNA levels were found elevated in patients with RA similar to those seen in septic arthritis [19]. Patients with RA had about a fourfold higher serum sTREM-1 levels than healthy controls [20], and in patients with treated RA, the level of plasma sTREM-1 correlated with disease activity [21]. In mice models of RA, blockade of TREM-1 resulted in significant amelioration of the synovial inflammation [22].…”

“…Besides RA, sTREM-1 is elevated in other autoimmune disorders [21,[31][32][33][34][35]. Studies have shown that serum sTREM-1 is released in response to the activation of TLR4 [9,10] and TLR9 [36] and is associated with the production of multiple proinflammatory cytokines [4] essential for full-blown joint swelling and bone erosions [37].…”

Serum level of soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells‐1 (sTREM‐1) is a biomarker of synovitis in rheumatoid arthritis

“…In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), TREM‐1 is over‐expressed in synovial tissues and its pharmacological inhibition limits destructive lesions of collagen‐induced arthritis . A few works have suggested that serum sTREM‐1 level may reflect RA disease activity, but they included small sample sizes of patients and the association between serum sTREM‐1 level and subsequent treatment response has not been addressed . Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether sTREM‐1 serum level is associated with disease activity and/or can predict response to biologic agents in RA patients.…”

Expression pattern of soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 in mice with Acinetobacter baumannii colonization and infection in the lung

“…Bouchon et al reported that sTREM-1 was not upregulated in samples from patients with non-infectious inflammatory conditions like psoriasis, ulcerative colitis, or immunecomplex mediated vasculitis, indicating that this receptor is specifically involved in infection (24). However, increasing amount of studies has shown that serum sTREM-1 is also significantly elevated in noninfectious inflammatory diseases (25)(26)(27). Phua et al observed a significant elevation of serum sTREM-1 levels in patients with COPD and asthma exacerbations compared with control objects, although this elevation was greater in patients with A. baumannii associated pneumonia (28).…”